Photoassimilate Translocation

Shakya, Rashmi; Lal, Manju A.

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2023-1_6

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In general, the produced photosynthates are translocated from source organs (e.g., mature leaves) to sink organs (e.g., fruits, new shoots, and roots), promoting the biomass accumulation and the growth of sink tissues, thereby significantly influencing the crop yield and quality [ 5 ]. The sink strength generally depends on the size (total weight) and activity (rate of uptake of transport sugars per unit weight) of sink organs, and the alteration of both these parameters can modulate the translocation patterns of photoassimilates [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Intensity Affects the Assimilation Rate and Carbohydrates Partitioning in Spinach Grown in a Controlled Environment

Proietti

Paradiso

Moscatello

et al. 2023

Plants

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The cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) has been increasing during the last years in controlled environment agriculture, where light represents a key factor for controlling plant growth and development and the highest energetic costs. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the plant’s response to two light intensities, corresponding to an optimal and a reduced level, in terms of the photosynthetic process, photoassimilates partitioning, and the biosynthesis of sucrose and starch. Plants of spinach cv. ‘Gigante d’Inverno’ were grown in a phytotron under controlled conditions, comparing two values of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), 800 μmol m−2 s−1 (800 PPFD) and 200 μmol m−2 s−1 (200 PPFD), at a 10 h light/14 h dark regime. Compared to 800 PPFD, under 200 PPFD, plants showed a reduction in biomass accumulation and a redirection of photoassimilates to leaves, determining a leaf expansion to optimize the light interception, without changes in the photosynthetic process. A shift in carbon partitioning favouring the synthesis of starch, causing an increase in the starch/sucrose ratio at the end of light period, occurred in low-light leaves. The activity of enzymes cFBAse, SPS, and AGPase, involved in the synthesis of sucrose and starch in leaves, decreased under lower light intensity, explaining the rate of accumulation of photoassimilates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Intensity Affects the Assimilation Rate and Carbohydrates Partitioning in Spinach Grown in a Controlled Environment

Proietti

Paradiso

Moscatello

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…The rooting ability of different WMs comes from the severity of stress, accumulation of auxin, soluble sugar, and proteins. The CF method completely blocked the auxin and nutrition flux to accumulate at the upper side of the wound to induce ARs [23][24][25][26]. The higher level of accumulated soluble sugar at the wound can induce root primordia formation and root emergence, accelerating the formation of callus and AR [40].…”

Section: Wounding Methods (Wm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After cutting or girdling the stem, the carbohydrates and auxin from the leaves accumulate at the wound to induce ARs or callus. [23][24][25][26]. Cutting off or girdling the ground roots are common practices before transplantation to induce ARs within the root balls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Induction of Adventitious Roots Regeneration before Transplanting Rootless Ficus elastica Heritage Tree

Lo³

et al. 2020

Forests

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Heritage trees carry both botanical and historical value for a city’s resilience and sustainability and hence are precious and unique. Their transplant is costly and very rare due to tremendous cost and 100% survival requirement by law. Rootless transplant is even more detrimental to the heritage tree due to removal of roots infected by brown root rot (BRR) before transplanting. This study examined the adventitious roots (AR) induction ability of the Ficus elastica Roxb. heritage tree infected with BRR. The experimental design considered three factors: root diameter (RD), wounding method (WM), and auxin solution on aerial roots under fractional factorial experiment in completely randomized design (CRD). There were four RD groups: RDI (RD < 2 cm), RDII (2 ≤ RD ≤ 4.3 cm), RDIII (4.3 < RD ≤ 22), and RDIV (RD > 22); three WMs: cutting off (CF), girdling (GD), and rectangular shape peeling (RP) of aerial roots; and three auxin solutions: 2000 mg·L−1 IBA(Indole-3-butyric acid) (2B), 2000 mg·L−1 IBA + 2000 mg·L−1 NAA(1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) (2NB), and 4000 mg·L−1 IBA (4B) plus water as control (C). The number of rooting wounds, number of roots, and the mean length of the three longest adventitious roots in each wound were recorded to evaluate the AR rooting performance. Twenty four treatment combinations including 328 wounds were tested. The results showed that rooting ability was significantly correlated with RD and WM. Smaller RDs had better rooting and declined with increased RDs. CF had the best rooting followed by GD and then RP. Auxin solution did not significantly affect the rooting ability. It may be due to the abundant endogenous auxin in the heritage tree, which mitigated the effect of exogenous auxin for AR induction. We conclude that cutting off small-diameter aerial roots is the best approach to induce ARs from rootless F. elastica heritage trees to enhance transplantation success.

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“…Thus, the sites of photosynthesis in plants where photoassimilates are produced represent the translocation source tissue, with photoassimilates traveling to the so-called sink tissues, wherein they are metabolized by various catabolic, amphibolic or anabolic reactions and then stored as seed reserves. Phloem sieve tubes of vascular bundles are responsible for translocation, and the partitioning of photosynthates, primarily sucrose, occurs during unloading in the sink tissues by specific processes [ 65 ]. Maternal symplasm is the major pathway that directs nutrients to the seed [ 66 ].…”

Section: Source and Sink Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk during the Carbon–Nitrogen Cycle That Interlinks the Biosynthesis, Mobilization and Accumulation of Seed Storage Reserves

Kaur

Tak

Bhatia

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Carbohydrates are the major storage reserves in seeds, and they are produced and accumulated in specific tissues during the growth and development of a plant. The storage products are hydrolyzed into a mobile form, and they are then translocated to the developing tissue following seed germination, thereby ensuring new plant formation and seedling vigor. The utilization of seed reserves is an important characteristic of seed quality. This review focuses on the seed storage reserve composition, source–sink relations and partitioning of the major transported carbohydrate form, i.e., sucrose, into different reserves through sucrolytic processes, biosynthetic pathways, interchanging levels during mobilization and crosstalk based on vital biochemical pathways that interlink the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Seed storage reserves are important due to their nutritional value; therefore, novel approaches to augmenting the targeted storage reserve are also discussed.

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Photoassimilate Translocation

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Light Intensity Affects the Assimilation Rate and Carbohydrates Partitioning in Spinach Grown in a Controlled Environment

Light Intensity Affects the Assimilation Rate and Carbohydrates Partitioning in Spinach Grown in a Controlled Environment

The Induction of Adventitious Roots Regeneration before Transplanting Rootless Ficus elastica Heritage Tree

Crosstalk during the Carbon–Nitrogen Cycle That Interlinks the Biosynthesis, Mobilization and Accumulation of Seed Storage Reserves

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