Photoautotrophic Microalgae Screening for Tertiary Treatment of Livestock Wastewater and Bioresource Recovery

Kim, Jiyeon; Kim, Hyun Woo

doi:10.3390/w9030192

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The difference in phycoremediation of wastewater by microalgae grown under the same conditions suggests that selecting the right microalgal specie is an important factor to consider when remediating wastewater with microalgae. This is also in agreement with observations by Kim and Kim [29] in their study of phycoremediation potential of tertiary livestock stock wastewater and bioresource recovery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Evaluation of Pre-Chlorinated Wastewater Effluent for Microalgal Cultivation and Biodiesel Production

Odjadjare

Mutanda

Chen

et al. 2018

Water

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Microalgae are promising feedstock to produce biodiesel and other value added products. However, the water footprint for producing microalgal biodiesel is enormous and would put a strain on the water resources of water stressed countries like South Africa if freshwater is used without recycling. This study evaluates the utilization of pre-chlorinated wastewater as a cheap growth media for microalgal biomass propagation with the aim of producing biodiesel whilst simultaneously remediating the wastewater. Wastewater was collected from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Durban, inoculated with Neochloris aquatica and Asterarcys quadricellulare and the growth kinetics monitored for a period of 8 days. The physicochemical parameters; including chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were determined before microalgal cultivation and after harvesting. Total lipids were quantified gravimetrically after extraction by hexane/isopropanol (3:2 v/v). Biodiesel was produced by transesterification and characterised by gas chromatography. The total carbohydrate was extracted by acid hydrolysis and quantified by spectrophotometric method based on aldehyde functional group derivatization. Asterarcys quadricellulare utilized the wastewater for growth and reduced the COD of the wastewater effluent from the Umbilo WWTP by 12.4%. Total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) were reduced by 48% and 50% respectively by Asterarcys quadricellulare cultivated in sterile wastewater while, Neochloris reduced the TP by 37% and TN by 29%. Although the highest biomass yield (460 mg dry weight) was obtained for Asterarcys, the highest amount of lipid (14.85 ± 1.63 mg L −1 ) and carbohydrate (14.84 ± 0.1 mg L −1 ) content were recorded in Neochloris aquatica. The dominant fatty acids in the microalgae were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1). The biodiesel produced was determined to be of good quality with high oxidation stability and low viscosity, and conformed to the American society for testing and materials (ASTM) guidelines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Wastewater samples were collected from the Northern wastewater (29 • 29.122 E) in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The treatment plants are amongst the major wastewater treatment plants in the province and utilize the activated sludge treatment system to treat wastewater.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Pre-Chlorinated Wastewater Effluent for Microalgal Cultivation and Biodiesel Production

Odjadjare

Mutanda

Chen

et al. 2018

Water

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“…An option to increase the cost-effectiveness is the cultivation of microalgae in wastewater, which is a complex mixture that may serve as a source of nutrients and water [3]. This strategy allows for nutrient recycling with savings in microalgae cultivation costs and, simultaneously contributes to enhancing the sustainability of wastewater treatment [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Non-Living Microalgae Biomass from Two Different Strains for the Adsorptive Removal of Diclofenac from Water

Coimbra

Escapa

Vázquez

et al. 2018

Water

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In the present work, the adsorptive removal of diclofenac from water by biosorption onto non-living microalgae biomass was assessed. Kinetic and equilibrium experiments were carried out using biomass of two different microalgae strains, namely Synechocystis sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Also, for comparison purposes, a commercial activated carbon was used under identical experimental conditions. The kinetics of the diclofenac adsorption fitted the pseudo-second order equation, and the corresponding kinetic constants indicating that adsorption was faster onto microalgae biomass than onto the activated carbon. Regarding the equilibrium results, which mostly fitted the Langmuir isotherm model, these pointed to significant differences between the adsorbent materials. The Langmuir maximum capacity (Qmax) of the activated carbon (232 mg∙g−1) was higher than that of Scenedesmus sp. (28 mg∙g−1) and of Synechocystis sp. (20 mg∙g−1). In any case, the Qmax values determined here were within the values published in the recent scientific literature on the utilization of different adsorbents for the removal of diclofenac from water. Still, Synechocystis sp. showed the largest KL fitted values, which points to the affinity of this strain for diclofenac at relative low equilibrium concentrations in solution. Overall, the results obtained point to the possible utilization of microalgae biomass waste in the treatment of water, namely for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals.

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“…Kim and Kim [ 6 ] cultivated Chlorella emersonii in CWW from a tertiary treatment mixed with BG-11 culture medium and obtained μ max = 0.61 day −1 and Td = 1.2 days. The growth rate and doubling time in the present study that most approached the values reported by these authors are those obtained in experiment 1 (R1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Arthrospira platensis Biomass Production Combined with Anaerobic Cattle Wastewater Bioremediation

et al. 2021

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Microalgae biomasses offer important benefits regarding macromolecules that serve as promising raw materials for sustainable production. In the present study, the microalgae Arthrospira platensis DHR 20 was cultivated in horizontal photobioreactors (HPBR), with and without temperature control, in batch mode (6 to 7 days), with anaerobically digested cattle wastewater (ACWW) as substrate. High dry biomass concentrations were observed (6.3–7.15 g L −1 ). Volumetric protein, carbohydrate, and lipid productivities were 0.299, 0.135, and 0.108 g L −1 day −1 , respectively. Promising lipid productivities per area were estimated between 22.257 and 39.446 L ha −1 year −1 . High CO 2 bio-fixation rates were recorded (875.6–1051 mg L −1 day −1 ), indicating the relevant potential of the studied microalgae to mitigate atmospheric pollution. Carbon concentrations in biomass ranged between 41.8 and 43.6%. ACWW bioremediation was satisfactory, with BOD 5 and COD removal efficiencies of 72.2–82.6% and 63.3–73.6%. Maximum values of 100, 95.5, 92.4, 80, 98, and 94% were achieved concerning the removal of NH 4 + , NO 3 − , P t , SO 4 2− , Zn, and Cu, respectively. Total and thermotolerant coliform removals reached 99–99.7% and 99.7–99.9%. This microalgae-mediated process is, thus, promising for ACWW bioremediation and valuation, producing a microalgae biomass rich in macromolecules that can be used to obtain friendly bio-based products and bioenergy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12155-021-10258-4.

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Photoautotrophic Microalgae Screening for Tertiary Treatment of Livestock Wastewater and Bioresource Recovery

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of Pre-Chlorinated Wastewater Effluent for Microalgal Cultivation and Biodiesel Production

Evaluation of Pre-Chlorinated Wastewater Effluent for Microalgal Cultivation and Biodiesel Production

Utilization of Non-Living Microalgae Biomass from Two Different Strains for the Adsorptive Removal of Diclofenac from Water

Enhanced Arthrospira platensis Biomass Production Combined with Anaerobic Cattle Wastewater Bioremediation

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