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Visible light‐active photocatalysts play a crucial role in gas‐phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction, offering significant potential for sustainable energy conversion. Herein, we present the synthesis of spindle‐shaped Iron (Fe)‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) MIL‐88A, coupled with distinct α‐Bi2O3 nanospheres. The α‐Bi2O3/MIL88A heterostructure is formed by interacting opposite surface charges, enhancing visible‐light absorption and efficient interfacial charge‐carrier separation. Such low‐cost photocatalysts have a 1.75 eV band gap and demonstrate enhanced efficacy in converting CO2 to CO, CH4, and H2 in water without using any sacrificial agents or noble metals compared to pristine MIL88A. In addition, in situ Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) analyses revealed that these unique catalysts combination promoted enhanced interfacial charge dynamics, creating efficient trapping sites for photogenerated carriers. Further, in‐situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transfer Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) investigation elucidates the plausible reaction mechanism and provides an effective methodology for catalyst screening for CO2 photoreduction. This study offers an effective approach for synthesizing the earth‐abundant heterostructure from metal oxide and low‐cost MOFs, enhancing photocatalytic activity for sustainable carbon dioxide conversion into invaluable chemicals.
Visible light‐active photocatalysts play a crucial role in gas‐phase photocatalytic CO2 reduction, offering significant potential for sustainable energy conversion. Herein, we present the synthesis of spindle‐shaped Iron (Fe)‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) MIL‐88A, coupled with distinct α‐Bi2O3 nanospheres. The α‐Bi2O3/MIL88A heterostructure is formed by interacting opposite surface charges, enhancing visible‐light absorption and efficient interfacial charge‐carrier separation. Such low‐cost photocatalysts have a 1.75 eV band gap and demonstrate enhanced efficacy in converting CO2 to CO, CH4, and H2 in water without using any sacrificial agents or noble metals compared to pristine MIL88A. In addition, in situ Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) analyses revealed that these unique catalysts combination promoted enhanced interfacial charge dynamics, creating efficient trapping sites for photogenerated carriers. Further, in‐situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transfer Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) investigation elucidates the plausible reaction mechanism and provides an effective methodology for catalyst screening for CO2 photoreduction. This study offers an effective approach for synthesizing the earth‐abundant heterostructure from metal oxide and low‐cost MOFs, enhancing photocatalytic activity for sustainable carbon dioxide conversion into invaluable chemicals.
Flexoelectricity, an intrinsic property observed in materials under nonuniform deformation, entails a coupling between polarization and strain gradients. Recent catalyst advancements have reignited interest in flexoelectricity, particularly at the nanoscale, where pronounced strain gradients promote robust flexoelectric effects. This paper comprehensively examines flexoelectricity, encompassing methodologies for precise measurement, elucidating its distinctions from related phenomena, and exploring its potential applications in augmenting catalytic properties. So far, the greatest potentials are based on lead strontium titanate (PST) and other metallic titanates such as titania (TiO2), strontium titanate (STO), barium strontium titanate (BST) sulfates (MoS2, ZnS) and halide perovskites (with archetype XPbI3). This review explores the promise of flexoelectric properties in addressing material and photocatalytic challenges, such as charge carrier recombination and ineffective surface charge separation. Additionally, it sheds light on the synergy with emerging paradigms like photo‐flexo catalysis and synergistic flexo‐piezo catalysis, specifically focusing on selective chemical transformations like green hydrogen production. Current limitations related to the usage of photoflexoelectricity for photocatalysis are mostly the stability of the used substance (susceptibility to photodegradation) or the voltage values, which represent the inferior potential for specific practical applications. This work underscores the indispensable role of flexoelectricity in catalysis and its capacity to steer future research and technological advancement.
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