Photodynamic Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: An Update and a Look to the Future

Abstract

This review provides an update on the current state of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) and explores potential future directions in this field. PDT has emerged as a promising minimally invasive treatment modality that utilizes photosensitizers and specific light wavelengths to induce cell death in targeted tumor tissues. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the underlying mechanisms, optimizing treatment protocols, and improving the efficacy of PDT for CRC. This article highlights key advancements in PDT techniques, including novel photosensitizers, light sources, and delivery methods. Furthermore, it discusses ongoing research efforts and potential future directions, such as combination therapies and nanotechnology-based approaches. By elucidating the current landscape and providing insights into future directions, this review aims to guide researchers and clinicians in harnessing the full potential of PDT for the effective management of CRC.

Hematoporphyrin derivative photodynamic therapy induces apoptosis and suppresses the migration of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

“…Intervening in the tumor microenvironment may reduce this resistance ( 33 , 34 ). PDT has been recommended and applied for the treatment of malignant tumor ( 35 ). Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, its underlying mechanism has not been studied thoroughly.…”

Mechanism and potentialities of photothermal and photodynamic therapy of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) against cancer

“…Pancreatic cancer is another cancer with a high fatality rate. Less than 10% of patients with pancreatic cancer survive it for five years [126]. The current therapeutic approaches might be harmful.…”

Photodynamic Therapy for Eye, Ear, Laryngeal Area, and Nasal and Oral Cavity Diseases: A Review

“…Treatment mechanism PDT relies on the interaction of photosensitizing agents, light, and oxygen to induce localized cytotoxic effects. It is a non-invasive and targeted therapy that selectively damages abnormal cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissues [73] Radiological therapies, including external beam radiation and brachytherapy, use ionizing radiation to damage DNA within cells. This affects both cancerous and healthy cells, with the goal of inhibiting the growth of malignant tissues [74] Surgical interventions involve the physical removal of abnormal tissue, offering immediate tumor debulking and potential cure, but may be associated with postoperative complications [75] Selectivity and precision High selectivity for diseased tissues due to the preferential accumulation of photosensitizers.…”