Photoinduced electron transfer in crystal violet (CV+)–bovine serum albumin (BSA) system: evaluation of reaction paths and radical intermediates

Radiation induced degradation of dyes—An overview

“…Table 2 shows the rate constants of transient species with some dyes. Besides the above mentioned studies, there are some literature citations where a combination of laser and pulse radiolysis technique have been used to look at some of the dye related reactions in selective media [83][84][85][86]. The main aim of these studies was to produce transients by high energy radiation pulse followed by a laser pulse to excite the species.…”

Degradation pathways of crystal violet by Fenton and Fenton-like systems: Condition optimization and intermediate separation and identification

“…Additionally, the TPM dyes are applied as staining agents in bacteriological and histopathological applications. The photocytotoxicity of TPM dyes based on reactive oxygen species production has been tested intensively with a view to developing a photodynamic therapy [36]. However, the thyroid peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of the TPM class of dyes is of great concern because the reactions might form various N-de-alkylated primary and secondary aromatic amines, with structures similar to aromatic amine carcinogens [35].…”

EPR study of photochemical transformations of triarylmethane dyes

“…We presupposed dye autoxidation during the preparation or the storage procedure, generating hydroperoxides in accord with the generalized scheme [Eqs. (4)(5)(6)] [23,24]:…”

“…Additionally, they are applied as staining agents in bacteriological and histopathological methods [3]. The photocytotoxicity of triarylmethane dyes based on the reactive oxygen species production is tested intensively with the regard of their phototherapeutic potential (photodynamic therapy) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Additionally, the triarylmethane dyes represent significant and widely utilized components of inks applied in archival documents of 19th and 20th centuries (stamps, signatures), but they are characterized by relatively low photostability [1,2,13].…”

“…In the presence of oxygen, such electron transfer from the photoexcited dye molecules may lead to the effective formation of super-oxide anion radical [4,21]. The second reaction route represents the energy transfer between dye excited triplet state and oxygen, producing singlet oxygen [Eq.…”