Photoinduced Tunable and Reconfigurable Electronic and Photonic Devices Using a Silk‐Based Diffractive Optics Platform

Abstract

A remarkable feature of modern electronic and photonic devices is the ability to maintain their geometric and physical properties in various circumstances for practical applications. However, there is an increasing demand for reconfigurable devices and systems that can be triggered or switched by external stimuli to change geometric, physical, and/or biochemical properties to meet specific requirements such as compact, lightweight, energy‐efficient, and tunable features. Here, a set of phototunable and photoreconfigurable electronic and photonic devices composed of reconfigurable arithmetic circuits and programmable coding metamaterials at terahertz frequencies, empowered by a diffractive optics platform using naturally extracted silk proteins, is reported. These protein‐based diffract optics are precisely manufactured into special microstructures for phase modulation of incident light and can be programmed to degrade at controlled rates. This allows spatial and temporal transformation of the incident light into desired intensity profiles to modulate the electrical properties of multiple photosensitive elements/components within the device simultaneously or discretely. Thus, the optoelectronic functionality of fabricated devices can be tailored to specific applications. Therefore, the approach makes it possible to efficiently fabricate tunable, reconfigurable transient electronic and photonic devices and systems.

Investigation of silk as a phantom material for ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging

“…It should be noted that in the study above, a freeze-drying approach was utilized to fabricate the silk phantoms, however, by utilizing different methods (e.g., such as water annealing), the final silk product can also be made transparent [45] , [46] , [47] . This allows for a wider range of tissue mimicking such as the cornea which is optically clear, as well as the fabrication of new biocompatible photonic devices [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] . Furthermore, silk can be functionalized with various fluorescence and optical dyes [52] .…”

A Hierarchically Encoded Data Storage Device with Controlled Transiency

“…The resistance becomes much higher than HRS after the top electrode degrades, which represents "null." Additionally, the comprehensive performance of the three storage units (ReRAM, [37][38][39][40][41][42][43] THz MM, [44,45] and DOE [46] ) is advanced in transient electronic fields (Tables S2 and S3, Supporting Information).…”

Robotic Manipulation under Harsh Conditions Using Self‐Healing Silk‐Based Iontronics

“…During the experiment, electrical signal was supplied by an SA-SG030 signal generator, and the measurement of resistors was performed by a digit multimeter (Agilent34410A). [36] Output voltage and current were measured using a digital oscilloscope (HMO3002 Series). Finally, one piezoelectric circuit was built, which contained one commercially purchased fixed resistor, one self-healing iontronic resistor and one poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)-based piezoelectric nanogenerator, for testing the stable conductivity of iontronic films as wires.…”