Phthalates mixtures in bottled water in Iran: human health risk assessment using direct and indirect exposure assessment

Jeddi, Maryam Zare

doi:10.18174/459150

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 294 publications

(442 reference statements)

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“…The levels of phthalates recorded in this study is however signi cantly higher than the levels reported in bottled water globally and in Ghana (Zaater, Tahboub and Al Sayyed, 2014;Jeddi, 2018). This trend could be attributed to the difference in the polarities of the various extemporaneous preparations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

The Effect of Storage Time on the Levels of Phthalates in Extemporaneous Preparations in Ghana

Adu,

Ayensu,

Brobbey

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The safety and quality of pharmaceutical products can be affected by chemical contaminants that migrate into them, depending on the type and composition of the packaging material. The migration of phthalates during manufacturing of plastics poses potential significant health concerns. This research aims to provide insight into factors driving phthalate migration and propose strategies for reducing its occurrence in extemporaneous preparations in Ashanti region, Ghana. Factors such as storage time and migration kinetics over two years were investigated to understand their impact on phthalate levels in Mist Senna Co (MSC), Mist Potassium Citrate (MPC), Mist Magnesium Trisilicate (MMT) and Mist Expectorant Sedative (MES). The samples were analysed using reverse phase – High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) with Photodiode array (PDA) detection. A gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid at a detection wavelength of 235 nm and a flow rate of 1 mL/min was employed. As the storage time increased, the levels of the phthalates increased. The migration of phthalates was influenced by the duration the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle was in contact with the content of the bottle. The highest migration rate per week for all the phthalates was observed in diethylhexyl phthalate with the highest level being 19 µg/L in MMT, 16 µg/L in MSC, 12 µg/L in MES and 8.3 µg/L in MPC. The finding emphasizes the significance of implementing optimized storage time in reducing phthalate exposure in extemporaneous preparations in Ghana. This study could contribute to enhancing the safety and quality of pharmaceutical products in Ghana.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

The Effect of Storage Time on the Levels of Phthalates in Extemporaneous Preparations in Ghana

Adu,

Ayensu,

Brobbey

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…However, due to their nature, phthalates can easily migrate from plastic materials into drinking water, or beverages during production and storage [17][18][19]. The migration of PAEs' depends on their concentrations in the packaging polymer, the acidity of content in contact with packages, and the lipid content [20][21][22][23]. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), Diethyl phthalate (DEP), Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), Di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DiNP), and Di-iso-decyl phthalate (DiDP) are most commonly used in industry as plasticizers [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Phthalate Esters in Beverages and Milk Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Shah,

Nosheen,

Abbas

et al. 2023

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Phthalates are commonly used plasticizers in the production of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate plastics. However, due to their extensive use, phthalate esters are considered as ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Beverages and packaged milk are susceptible to contamination by phthalate ester during packaging, transportation, and storage process. This research aimed to quantify the leaching of phthalate esters from commercial beverages and milk samples stored in plastic bottles. Ultrasound and vortex assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, followed by high performance liquid chromatography were used to analyze selected samples stored under various environmental conditions. The findings showed that beverage bottles stored outdoor exhibited the highest chance of phthalate leaching, followed by those stored at room temperature and 4ºC. The concentration of dibutyl phthalate increased from 3.45 µg/ml (detection on purchase day) to 4.22 µg/ml (detection on expiry day) average on the milk samples, while there was a significant increase in the concentration of diethyl phthalate upon expiray compared to its concentration in fresh milk samples (3.33-11.91 µg/ml) average on all samples. An average of 9.41 and 8.55 µg/ml, 11.4 and 9.23 µg/ml, 20.75 and 17.72 µg/ml of diethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate were detected at 4ºC, room temperature and outdoor beverage samples after four months of their storage.This study suggests that the inappropriate storage conditions of milk and beverages enhances the leaching of phthalate esters from plastic matrix into the contained beverages and milk. Although the leaching is slow, continuous usage may pose health effect.

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Phthalates mixtures in bottled water in Iran: human health risk assessment using direct and indirect exposure assessment

Abstract: Chapter Magnetic solid-phase extraction based on modified magnetic nano-particles for the determination of phthalate diesters in water samples……. …………………….….. 75 Chapter Concentrations of phthalates in bottled water under common storage conditions:

Cited by 2 publications

References 294 publications

The Effect of Storage Time on the Levels of Phthalates in Extemporaneous Preparations in Ghana

The Effect of Storage Time on the Levels of Phthalates in Extemporaneous Preparations in Ghana

Determination of Phthalate Esters in Beverages and Milk Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

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