Phylogenetic analysis of target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase gene of some selected plants species

Abstract

TOR kinase has been reported to regulate number of biological processes, including central dogma, which collectively contributes to cell growth in all the organisms. The major role of the target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase is to encourage cell growth in response to favorable conditions. Up to some extent,nucleotide and amino acidsequencesof TOR kinase were found to be similar in all the organismswherein it has been identifi ed or characterized.In order to assess the phylogenetic relationship and conservative nature of TOR gene among 32 different plants species TOR gene sequences and protein sequence retrieve from public repository database NCBI.Sequence length and GC% of each sequence were determined. Maximum GC% was found in TOR kinase gene of Brachypodium distachyon (46.18%). All the 32 TOR gene sequences contained more than 43% of GC. Phylogenetic tree constructed using Neighbor-joining method separated TOR kinase into two distinct groups i.e. monocots and dicots. Sequences of TOR kinase from similar family of plants were grouped together signifyingits conserved nature within the family. The phylogenetic tree of TOR gene at both nucleotides and proteins level from different species perfectly refl ects phylogenetic relationships of the species. This strong conservation of tor genes among all the species including in this investigation advocate the general signifi cance of this kinase and, consequently, the entire TOR pathway.

Shedding Light on the Dynamic Role of the “Target of Rapamycin” Kinase in the Fast-Growing C4 Species Setaria viridis, a Suitable Model for Biomass Crops

“…Sequences of the TOR protein were first compared among selected photosynthetic organisms, from the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to monocots and eudicots. As previously found for Setaria italica (Sapre et al, 2018), S. viridis TOR protein sequence is also well-conserved to plants (Supplementary Figure 1), yeast, and humans. Monocots present a more relaxed leucine zipper (leu zip) (position 1028-1050 in Arabidopsis) as the third leucine is replaced by valine (data not shown).…”

The Importance of TOR Kinase in Plant Development

“…Phylogenetic studies show that TOR, RAPTOR and LST8 gene trees are congruent with the land plant species tree (Deprost et al, 2005;Moreau et al, 2012;Sapre et al, 2018), suggesting that this protein complex is highly conserved and therefore likely to be very important across the plant kingdom. However, how TORC was recruited during the evolution of multicellularity and plant specific processes is unclear.…”

Production, characterization, and cross-reactivity of a polyclonal antibody against Arabidopsis TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN

“…Next, we tried to determine whether our α-TOR antibody has cross-reactivity with TOR orthologous in other plants. Due to the physiological importance of TOR in plants, nucleotide and protein sequences of 32 orthologous have been identified in 32 different plant species [16]. Arabidopsis TOR shares 81.2, 80.1, and 72.4% amino acid sequence identity with that in tomato, alfalfa, and maize, respectively (Additional file 1 : Figs.…”