Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analysis of SENV DNA isolated from Iraqi Hepatitis Patients

Abstract

SEN Virus (SENV) is a newly discovered group of transmissible, hepatotropic, single-stranded, circular, non-enveloped DNA viruses that are distantly linked to the widely distributed Torque Teno Virus (TTV) family. This research aimed to use nucleotide sequencing to identify the genetic alterations of SEN-V and to investigate the similarities between isolates. Seven DNA samples of SENV, which were previously extracted from blood of post transfusion hepatitis, were used to identify the genetic variation of SEN-V by nucleotide sequencing. According to the current analysis results, specific primer pairs were used to detect SENV DNA sequences isolated from Iraqi patients with hepatitis; however, those specific primers can also detect two new variants of SENV that are closely related to the Torque Teno Virus. In addition, four SENV isolates showed several substitution mutations, and one of them revealed the replacement of Proline (P) at position 11 with Serine (S). Only one local isolate of SENV was 100% identical to the Iranian isolate (GenBank acc. no. GQ452051.1) from thalassemia.

Molecular and Phylogenetic Detection of Torque Teno Virus (Ttv) Among Hemodialysis Patients: A Single Center Study

“…And these findings are disagreed with Takemoto et al ( 2015) who showed that the majority of dialysis patients were males (55%) with a mean age of 53.8 years (42) . In addition, there is no significant statistical association between TTV and clinical characteristics or risk factors according to the table (3). These results are in agreement with Akbari et al ( 2018) who observed that there is no significant relation between TTV infection and hypertension (43) .…”

“…On the other hand, disagree with Hassuna et al who showed that there is a correlation between TTV viremia and age (40) . Regarding sex of studied patients, the higher rate (88.1%) of TTV DNA infection was in female rather than male (75.9%) with no significant association between sex and TTV DNA-status, as shown in table (3). These results are in accordance with Mohamed et al (2017) who showed that the percentage of patients who were positive for TTV as (66.7%), out of Iraqi JMS 2022; Vol.…”

“…Although there was no significant association between hepatitis and TTV status in present study. However, the results showed, that 84.4% of HD patients who infected with HCV were TTV positive and 50% of them who had HBV were infected with TTV, table (3). This result in agreement with Najafimemar et al who found that TTV-DNA was detected in 54% with chronic hepatitis B infection (55) .…”

“…In addition, three patients had triple infection with HBV, HCV and TTV. However, current study showed that there was no significant association between these viruses and TTV status, as shown in the table (3).…”

“…n addition to well-known (A to E) hepatitis viruses, there is growing evidence that newer hepatitis viruses may exist and have a role in this disease (1)(2)(3) . Torque teno virus (TTV) was first discovered in Japan 1997 from serum of patients with post transfusion non-A to G hepatitis who developed raised alanine aminotransferase level (ALT) (4) .…”