Phylogenetic and morphological identification of <i>Colletotrichum boninense</i>: a novel causal agent of anthracnose in avocado

Silva-Rojas, Hilda Victoria; Ávila-Quezada, Graciela Dolores

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02452.x

Cited by 50 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The causal agents of this disease are not clear. However, species of the genus Colletotrichum and Pestalotiopsis have been reported as causal agents of anthracnose in avocado [ 5 , 6 ]. Such species includes C. gloeosporioides , C. acutatum , C. boninense, C. karstii , C. godetiae [ 7 – 11 ], and Pestalotiopsis versicolor [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Molecular Identification of the Causal Agent of Anthracnose Disease of Avocado in Kenya

Kimaru

Monda

Cheruiyot

et al. 2018

International Journal of Microbiology

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Anthracnose disease of avocado contributes to a huge loss of avocado fruits due to postharvest rot in Kenya. The causal agent of this disease has not been clear but presumed to be Colletotrichum gloeosporioides as reported in other regions where avocado is grown. The fungus mainly infects fruits causing symptoms such as small blackish spots, “pepper spots,” and black spots with raised margin which coalesce as infection progresses. Due to economic losses associated with the disease and emerging information of other species of fungi as causal agents of the disease, this study was aimed at identifying causal agent(s) of the disease. A total of 80 fungal isolates were collected from diseased avocado fruits in Murang'a County, the main avocado growing region in Kenya. Forty-six isolates were morphologically identified as Colletotrichum spp. based on their cultural characteristics, mainly whitish, greyish, and creamish colour and cottony/velvety mycelia on the top side of the culture and greyish cream with concentric zonation on the reverse side. Their spores were straight with rounded end and nonseptate. Thirty-four isolates were identified as Pestalotiopsis spp. based on their cultural characteristics: whitish grey mycelium with black fruiting structure on the upper side and greyish black one on the lower side and septate spores with 3-4 septa and 2 or 3 appendages at one end. Further molecular studies using ITS indicated Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum boninense, and Pestalotiopsis microspora as the causal agents of anthracnose disease in avocado. However, with this being the first report, there is a need to conduct further studies to establish whether there is coinfection or any interaction thereof.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Molecular Identification of the Causal Agent of Anthracnose Disease of Avocado in Kenya

Kimaru

Monda

Cheruiyot

et al. 2018

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…Esses isolados agruparam-se com sequências de referência do complexo C. boninense, o qual tem sido relacionado a manchas foliares em vários hospedeiros de importância econômica (TOZZE JÚNIOR et al, 2009;SILVA-ROJAS;ÁVILA-QUEZADA, 2011). Entretanto, sua ocorrência em anonáceas ainda não havia sido relatada.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Identificação e caracterização de espécies de Colletotrichum associadas à antracnose de anonáceas no estado de Alagoas

et al. 2014

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RESUMO- IDENTIFICATION AND CARACTERIZATION OF Colletotrichum SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH ANTHRACNOSE OF ANNONACEOUS CROPS IN THE STATE OF ALAGOAS, BRAZILABSTRACT -Anthracnose is an important disease of Annonaceae caused by Colletotrichum species. In Brazil, C. gloeosporioides is the only species associated with annonaceous crops, based only on morphological criteria. In view of this, the objective of this study was to identify and characterize species of Colletotrichum infecting sugar apple and soursop trees in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Fifty-one isolates obtained from sugar apple and soursop leaves with typical symptoms of the disease were collected in the municipalities of Maceió, Palmeira dos Índios and União dos Palmares. The isolates were inoculated in detached leaves of both crops and they were characterized by conidia and appressoria morphometry and also by sequence analysis of the ITS region. All isolates were pathogenic to both crops. According to the morphological characteristics, the isolates were separated into three distinct groups: M1, M2 and M3. M1 group was made up 32 isolates that were closely-related to C. gloeosporioides. M2 group was formed by 15 isolates with characteristics of C. boninense, while in the M3 group, with four isolates, the characteristics were typical of C. fragariae. The phylogenetic analysis also resulted into three groups (F1, F2 and F3), which in general agreed with the morphological data. The F1group included the isolates of the morphological M1 group, as well as reference sequences of C. gloeosporioides and C. fragariae. The F2 group, that clustered reference sequences of C. boninense, included the isolates of the morphological M2 group. Finally, F3 group included sequences of C. magna and other four isolates of this study. Thus, it is possible to prove that four Colletotrichum species cause anthracnose on sugar apple and soursop trees in the state of Alagoas: C. gloeosporioides, C. boninense, C.fragariae and C. magna).

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“…In order to implement better anthracnose management, the diversity of Colletotrichum species associated with avocado fruit in Mexico requires further study using contemporary molecular tools. Previously, gloeosporioides, acutatum, and boninense complexes in Mexico were identified from avocado anthracnose symptoms, using only ITS region sequence analysis (Silva‐Rojas and Ávila‐Quezada, 2011), which has insufficient resolution for species delimitation. Subsequently, C .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two hundred and thirty‐two isolates obtained from six avocado‐producing regions in Mexico resulted in the identification of 11 species belonging to four complexes. Previously, only the gloeosporioides, acutatum, and boninense complexes have been associated with avocado anthracnose worldwide (Silva‐Rojas and Ávila‐Quezada, 2011; Damm et al ., 2012a, 2012b; Weir et al ., 2012; Sharma et al ., 2017). Here, we report three strains belonging to the magnum complex associated with avocado for the first time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gloeosporioides s . l ., C. godetiae , and C. karsti (Silva‐Rojas and Ávila‐Quezada, 2011; Hernández‐Lauzardo et al ., 2015; Velázquez‐del Valle et al ., 2016; Fuentes‐Aragón et al ., 2018). Anthracnose outbreaks occur yearly in Mexico during fruit development, mainly in places where high relative humidity and temperatures prevail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose on avocado fruit in Mexico: Current status

et al. 2020

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Colletotrichum species cause anthracnose disease in tropical and subtropical fruit crops worldwide. Mexico is the main producer and exporter of avocado (Persea americana) globally and has yearly outbreaks of anthracnose on this crop. However, which specific Colletotrichum spp. cause these outbreaks in avocado‐producing regions remain uncertain; thus, the objective of the present study was to identify the species responsible. A survey performed in six production regions of Mexico yielded 232 isolates, from which a subset of 104 strains was selected based on morphological characteristics and origin. This subset was sequenced and haplotypes were analysed in the gapdh partial gene. Finally, 31 strains were identified through multilocus phylogenetic analyses using the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and six loci. This study revealed the presence of two species previously reported in Mexico (C. karsti and C. godetiae), three novel records in Mexico (C. siamense, C. fioriniae, and C. cigarro), four novel records on avocado (C. chrysophilum, C. jiangxiense, C. tropicale, and C. nymphaeae), and two novel lineages (Colletotrichum sp. 1 and Colletotrichum sp. 2). C. siamense was the most prevalent, while the species reported for the first time on avocado, including the novel lineages, were the least prevalent. C. karsti was the most widespread (four regions), followed by C. siamense, C. jiangxiense, and C. chrysophilum (three regions). Pathogenicity tests showed that all species caused anthracnose on avocado fruit. These findings will be useful for improving the management of avocado anthracnose outbreaks in Mexico.

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Phylogenetic and morphological identification of Colletotrichum boninense: a novel causal agent of anthracnose in avocado

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Morphological and Molecular Identification of the Causal Agent of Anthracnose Disease of Avocado in Kenya

Morphological and Molecular Identification of the Causal Agent of Anthracnose Disease of Avocado in Kenya

Identificação e caracterização de espécies de Colletotrichum associadas à antracnose de anonáceas no estado de Alagoas

Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose on avocado fruit in Mexico: Current status

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