Phylogenetic diversity analysis of Trichoderma species based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) marker

Abstract

The phylogeny of Trichoderma and the phylogenetic relationships of its species was investigated by maximum parsimony analysis and distance analysis of DNA sequences from multiple genetic loci 18S rDNA sequence analysis suggests that the genus Trichoderma evolved at the same time as Hypomyces and Fusarium and thus about 110 Myr ago 28S rDNA sequence analysis shows that the genus Trichoderma is part of a monophyletic branch within the Hypocreaceae. Most isolates of the genus Trichoderma were found to act as mycoparasites of many economically important aerial and soil-borne plant pathogens. Trichoderma has attained importance as a substitute for chemical pesticides and hence an attempt was intended to corroborate the positive relatedness of molecular and morphological characters. Two fungal strains, Trichoderma koningii T k-5201/CSAU and Trichoderma virens T vi-4177/CSAU were isolated from a soil sample collected from CSA Farm, Kanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The universal primers (internal transcribed spacer, ITS) were used for the amplification of 18S rRNA gene fragment and strains were thus characterized with the help of ITS marker. It is proposed that the identified strains T. koningii T k-5201/CSAU and T. virens T vi-4177/CSAU be assigned as the type strains of a species of genus Trichoderma based on phylogenetic tree analysis together with the 18S rRNA gene sequence search in Ribosomal Database Project, small subunit rRNA and large subunit rRNA databases. The sequence was deposited in GenBank with the accession numbers KC800923 and KC800924, respectively. Thus an integrated approach of morphological and molecular markers can be employed to identify a superior strain of Trichoderma for its commercial exploitation.

Phylogenetic Diversity of Trichoderma Strains and Their Antagonistic Potential against Soil-Borne Pathogens under Stress Conditions

“…In contrast, the lowest similarity value (0. 35) was found between the strains Th3 and Th7 ( Table 2). The cluster analysis divided the strains into two main groups; the first group contained the strains (Ta1, Ta2, Th3, Tl5, Th6, Th7 and Tv8) while, the second group contained only the strain Th4.…”

“…Not surprisingly, the sequencing of ITS and/or TEF1 has been extensively studied [10,[31][32][33], reference databases make it possible to submit DNA sequences of environmental isolates and link sequence data to phenotypic data. In particular, molecular DNA markers are employed as a reliable tool to determine the genetic diversity and relationships [34,35]. RAPD is one of the valuable markers which has been utilized to determine the biodiversity of Trichoderma species, due to its use in identifying mysterious genomes and its requirement of only limited quantities of DNA [36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Caracterización morfológica y molecular de cepas nativas de Trichoderma y su potencial de biocontrol sobre Phytophthora infestans

“…Análisis filogenéticos. Con la finalidad de conocer la relación filogenética de las cepas se utilizaron como grupos externos a Trichoderma viride y Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Mohammad et al, 2014). Se alinearon ambas secuencias mediante el programa BioEdit Sequence Alignment ver.…”

Pellet Formulation of Trichoderma Isolated from Aceh with Potential for Biocontrol of Phytophthora Sp. on Cacao Sedlings

“…Trichoderma have ability to prevent pathogens from infecting plants, and delay the occurrence of Phytophthora disease (Sriwati et al, 2015). In the tomato, Trichoderma an expensive registration process before commercialization (Mohammad et al, 2014).…”