Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (<i>Capsicum</i>, Solanaceae)

García, Carolina Carrizo; Barfuss, Michael H. J.; Sehr, Eva Maria; Barboza, Gloria Estela; Samuel, Rosabelle; Moscone, Eduardo A.; Ehrendorfer, Friedrich

doi:10.1093/aob/mcw079

Cited by 211 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Phylogenetic analysis based on the MYB31 promoter sequence showed that accessions of the same species could be classified into the same clade (Fig. S13c), which is consistent with the phylogenetic relationships of Capsicum species (Carrizo García et al ., ; Yang et al ., ). We hypothesized that the MYB31 ‐promoter‐specific variations in the species C. chinense were probably associated with the high transcriptional activity of this species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We carefully analyzed the polymorphism of the MYB31 promoter among five species. Most notably, the investigated C. chinense accessions had a normal W‐box, while the ancestral C. baccatum , C. frutescens and C. pubescens (Carrizo García et al ., ; Kim et al ., ; Yang et al ., ) contained a mutated W‐box. Presumably, the W‐box emerged during the speciation of C. chinense from the ancestral species C. frutescens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural variations in the MYB transcription factor MYB31 determine the evolution of extremely pungent peppers

et al. 2019

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Summary Plants produce countless specialized metabolites crucial for their development and fitness, and many are useful bioactive compounds. Capsaicinoids are intriguing genus‐specialized metabolites that confer a pungent flavor to Capsicum fruits, and they are widely applied in different areas. Among the five domesticated Capsicum species, Capsicum chinense has a high content of capsaicinoids, which results in an extremely hot flavor. However, the species‐specific upregulation of capsaicinoid‐biosynthetic genes (CBGs) and the evolution of extremely pungent peppers are not well understood. We conducted genetic and functional analyses demonstrating that the quantitative trait locus Capsaicinoid1 (Cap1), which is identical to Pun3 contributes to the level of pungency. The Cap1/Pun3 locus encodes the Solanaceae‐specific MYB transcription factor MYB31. Capsicum species have evolved placenta‐specific expression of MYB31, which directly activates expression of CBGs and results in genus‐specialized metabolite production. The capsaicinoid content depends on MYB31 expression. Natural variations in the MYB31 promoter increase MYB31 expression in C. chinense via the binding of the placenta‐specific expression of transcriptional activator WRKY9 and augmentation of CBG expression, which promotes capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Our findings provide insights into the evolution of extremely pungent C. chinense, which is due to natural variations in the master regulator, and offers targets for engineering or selecting flavor in Capsicum.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural variations in the MYB transcription factor MYB31 determine the evolution of extremely pungent peppers

et al. 2019

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“…The chile pepper genus ( Capsicum L.) originated in the Andes Mountains, in north‐western South America, and subsequently diversified and dispersed, initially by birds and later also by people, throughout the neotropics and subtropics (Bosland & Votava, ; Carrizo Garcıa et al, ; Noss & Levey, ). There is evidence that humans were using wild chile peppers as early as 8,000–10,000 years ago (Davenport, ; Heiser, ; Pickersgill, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Provisional clades of Capsicum species based on their positions in strict consensus trees using three molecular markers (Carrizo Garcıa et al, ). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While comprehensive crossability studies between all species in the genus have yet to be completed (Barchenger & Bosland, ), successful hybridizations are known among species (Scaldaferro, ), including between those belonging to different complexes (Walsh & Hoot, ). Provisional clades of Capsicum species, based on their positions in phylogenetic trees using sequence‐based molecular markers, have also been described (Carrizo Garcıa et al, ). Genetic relatedness classifications based on interfertility research, supplemented by taxonomic, phylogenetic and ploidy information, provide partial indications of the gene pools of the domesticated species (Table ; USDA ARS NPGS, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelled distributions and conservation status of the wild relatives of chile peppers (CapsicumL.)

Khoury

Carver

Barchenger

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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Genetic, Epigenetic, and Hormonal Regulation of Fruit Development and Ripening inCapsicumL. Species

Kumar

Kumar²,

Anju

et al. 2021

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Fruits are not only important for the plants but also for ensuring sustainable food security of the burgeoning global population. Considering the huge nutritional and ecological importance of fruits, investigation of mechanisms, and factors governing their development and ripening is crucial. The investigation of fruit development in several economically important crops such as tomato, strawberry, grape, and banana includingCapsicumsuggest that early fruit development is largely dependent on auxins and gibberellins (GAs) whereas later ripening is dependent on ethylene or abscisic acid (ABA). The initial development is relatively conserved whereas the ripening of fruits can be either climacteric or non‐climacteric depending on the presence or absence of respiratory burst and ethylene production respectively. Climacteric fruit ripening is mediated by ethylene, and it is well studied in tomato and banana, whereas non‐climacteric fruit ripening requires ABA and much of the information on it comes from strawberry and grape. The genusCapsicumL. shows rich diversity in fruit traits such as shape, colour, size, and even in its ripening behaviour. Early fruit development in different species ofCapsicumappears similar to other fruit crops, whereas later fruit ripening behaviour in different species ofCapsicumcan be either climacteric or non‐climacteric depending upon evolution of ethylene and respiratory burst. It has been found that, even different cultivars of the same species ofCapsicumshow variation in ripening behaviour suggesting interspecific and intraspecific complexities in fruit ripening responses. Until a few years, a majority of the papers have focussed on the non‐climacteric nature of fruit ripening inCapsicum. However, recent studies have shown substantial involvement of ethylene and ethylene related genes in fruit ripening ofCapsicumsuggesting the existence of extensive common regulons between climacteric and non‐climacteric fruits. Recent studies have also suggested the involvement of several epigenetic mechanisms such as non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and cytosine methylation in regulating fruit development and ripening. With the advent of new tools in the omics field such as genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics, there is considerable progress in understanding the fruit development and complex nature of ripening inCapsicum. Nevertheless, consolidated information onCapsicumfruit development and its complex nature of ripening is not available. In this article, an attempt is made to present up to date consolidated information on the development and ripening ofCapsicumfruit with an emphasis on its genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal regulation.

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Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae)

Cited by 211 publications

References 63 publications

Natural variations in the MYB transcription factor MYB31 determine the evolution of extremely pungent peppers

Natural variations in the MYB transcription factor MYB31 determine the evolution of extremely pungent peppers

Modelled distributions and conservation status of the wild relatives of chile peppers (CapsicumL.)

Genetic, Epigenetic, and Hormonal Regulation of Fruit Development and Ripening inCapsicumL. Species

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