Phylogenetics and Evolution of Virulence in the Kingdom Fungi

García-Solache, Mónica; Casadevall, Arturo

doi:10.1002/9781118308165.ch4

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The concept of virulence represents an emergent property observed in all pathogens. It arises from the intricate interplay of multiple intrinsic morphological, physiological, metabolic, and molecular characteristics of both host and pathogen [ 66 , 79 ]. In the case of fungal infections, successful colonization of host tissues and subversion of the host’s immune response are pivotal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi’s Swiss Army Knife: Pleiotropic Effect of Melanin in Fungal Pathogenesis during Cattle Mycosis

Romero,

Kalinhoff,

Saa

et al. 2023

JoF

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Fungal threats to public health, food security, and biodiversity have escalated, with a significant rise in mycosis cases globally. Around 300 million people suffer from severe fungal diseases annually, while one-third of food crops are decimated by fungi. Vertebrate, including livestock, are also affected. Our limited understanding of fungal virulence mechanisms hampers our ability to prevent and treat cattle mycoses. Here we aim to bridge knowledge gaps in fungal virulence factors and the role of melanin in evading bovine immune responses. We investigate mycosis in bovines employing a PRISMA-based methodology, bioinformatics, and data mining techniques. Our analysis identified 107 fungal species causing mycoses, primarily within the Ascomycota division. Candida, Aspergillus, Malassezia, and Trichophyton were the most prevalent genera. Of these pathogens, 25% produce melanin. Further research is required to explore the involvement of melanin and develop intervention strategies. While the literature on melanin-mediated fungal evasion mechanisms in cattle is lacking, we successfully evaluated the transferability of immunological mechanisms from other model mammals through homology. Bioinformatics enables knowledge transfer and enhances our understanding of mycosis in cattle. This synthesis fills critical information gaps and paves the way for proposing biotechnological strategies to mitigate the impact of mycoses in cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%