Phylogeny, Evolution, and Transmission Dynamics of Canine and Feline Coronaviruses: A Retro-Prospective Study

Abstract

Canine coronavirus (CCoV) and feline coronavirus (FCoV) are endemic in companion animals. Due to their high mutation rates and tendencies of genome recombination, they pose potential threats to public health. The molecular characteristics and genetic variation of both CCoV and FCoV have been thoroughly studied, but their origin and evolutionary dynamics still require further assessment. In the present study, we applied a comprehensive approach and analyzed the S, M, and N genes of different CCoV/FCoV isolates. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and phylogenetic analysis showed that the FCoV sequences from Chinese isolates were closely related to the FCoV clusters in Netherlands, while recombination analysis indicated that of S N-terminal domain (NTD) was the most susceptible region of mutation, and recombination of this region is an important cause of the emergence of new lineages. Natural selection showed that CCoV and FCoV subgenotypes were in selection constraints, and CCoV-IIb was in strong positive selection. Phylodynamics showed that the mean evolution rate of S1 genes of CCoV and FCoV was 1.281 × 10–3 and 1.244 × 10–3 subs/site/year, respectively, and the tMRCA of CCoV and FCoV was about 1901 and 1822, respectively. Taken together, our study centered on tracing the origin of CCoV/FCoV and provided ample insights into the phylogeny and evolution of canine and feline coronaviruses.

Clinical and Molecular Study of Canine Enteric Coronavirus in Iraq

“…While our isolate revealed 96.75% identity with isolates ID (MW718811, MW718810, MW722877, MW722872, MW722866) in China [32], and isolate ID (MZ320954) in China [33], and isolate ID (GU146061) in Italy [34], and isolate ID (KP981644) in Italy [35], and isolate ID (DQ112226) in Italy [36], and isolate ID (JF682842) in Greece [37], another studies showed 96.74% and 96.48% identity to CECoV isolates from dogs in UK and China [38] isolate ID (FJ009114) [39] isolates ID (MT114542, MT114541) respectively.…”

Aplicação De Ferramentas De Bioinformática No Estudo Evolutivo Do Sars-Cov-2 Associado À Infecção Em Cães E Gatos Domésticos

“…Desde então um grande número de sequências genéticas completas ou parciais dos diferentes Alfa e Betacoronavírus, principalmente o SARS-CoV-2 foram disponibilizadas nos principais bancos de dados de material genético, com acesso livre. Essas sequências são oriundas dos diferentes estudos que envolvem sequenciamento do genoma viral obtido a partir de amostras de diferentes espécies animais, incluindo o homem (DECARO et al, 2021;GHORBANI et al, 2021;SAILLEAU et al, 2020;YANG et al, 2022) e constituem um banco extremamente rico de informação para estudos de bioinformática. A árvore filogenética evidenciou a formação de um grande clado englobando amostras felinas, caninas e humanas reunidas (sem a formação de subclados significativos) e um clado menor (grupo externo)…”

Review on Canine Coronavirus Disease; Its Clinical Management and Zoonotic Spillover

“…It constitutes the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, which further belongs to the family Coronaviridae that lies within the suborder Coronavirineae, order Nidovirales. Based on the genetic and serological characteristics of coronaviruses, the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae is classified into four genera: Alpha coronavirus (αCoV), Beta coronavirus (βCoV), Gamma coronavirus (γCoV), and Delta coronavirus (δCoV) [14].…”