Phylogeographic, ancient DNA, fossil and morphometric analyses reveal ancient and modern introductions of a large mammal: the complex case of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Ireland

Carden, Ruth F.; McDevitt, Allan D.; Zachos, Frank E.; Woodman, Peter; O’Toole, Peter; Rose, Hugh; Monaghan, Nigel T.; Campana, Michael G.; Bradley, Daniel G.; Edwards, Ceiridwen J.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.02.012

Cited by 66 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…One hypothesis is that the Co. Kerry red deer are genetically and phenotypically so divergent from other red deer that hybridisation is less likely. As a result of their Neolithic introduction to Ireland, and perhaps due to bottlenecks since, the Co Kerry red deer are not only genetically divergent from other red deer in the rest of Ireland (Carden et al 2012) but also low in genetic diversity. Using eight nuclear markers McDevitt et al (2009) concluded that mtDNA nucleotide and haplotype diversity in Co Kerry was up to ten times lower than in other parts of Ireland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modern red deer population is descended from ancient and recent postglacial introductions by man (Carden et al 2012). Currently, there are around 4,000 phenotypically red deer in Ireland (Pérez-Espona et al 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are primarily present in the East (Co. Wicklow), the South West (Co. Kerry) and the North West (Co. Galway north to Co. Donegal) and have shown a 6.5 % range expansion from these sites over the last 30 years (Whitehead 1964;Carden et al 2011). Recent work has established that the red deer centred on Killarney, Co. Kerry, are descended from a human introduction from Britain during the Neolithic period (Carden et al 2012). The other populations are descended from more recent introductions from Britain and continental Europe, in several cases indirectly through deer parks, primarily Powerscourt Park, Co. Wicklow, where they may have interacted with other Cervus species (McDevitt et al 2009;Carden et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work has established that the red deer centred on Killarney, Co. Kerry, are descended from a human introduction from Britain during the Neolithic period (Carden et al 2012). The other populations are descended from more recent introductions from Britain and continental Europe, in several cases indirectly through deer parks, primarily Powerscourt Park, Co. Wicklow, where they may have interacted with other Cervus species (McDevitt et al 2009;Carden et al 2012). The Co. Kerry red deer population has also been involved in more recent documented translocations as both donor and recipient (Whitehead 1960(Whitehead , 1964Carden et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey of the hybridisation status of Cervus deer species on the island of Ireland

Smith

Carden

Coad³

et al. 2014

Conserv Genet

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Red deer (Cervus elaphus) did not recolonise Ireland after the last glaciation, but the population in Co. Kerry is descended from an ancient (c. 5000 BP) introduction and merits conservation. During the mid-19th century exotic species including North American wapiti (C. canadensis) and Japanese sika deer (C. nippon nippon) were introduced to Ireland, mainly via Powerscourt Park, Co. Wicklow. While wapiti failed to establish, sika thrived, dispersed within Co. Wicklow and were translocated to other sites throughout Ireland. Red deer and sika are known to have hybridised in Ireland, particularly in Co. Wicklow, but an extensive survey with a large, highly diagnostic marker panel is required to assess the threat hybridisation potentially poses to the Co. Kerry red deer population. Here, 374 individuals were genotyped at a panel of 22 microsatellites and at a single mtDNA marker that are highly diagnostic for red deer and Japanese sika. The microsatellites are also moderately diagnostic for red deer and wapiti. Wapiti introgression was very low [trace evidence in 2 (0.53 %) individuals]. Despite long-standing sympatry of red deer and sika in the area, no red deer-sika hybrids were detected in Co. Kerry suggesting strong assortative mating by both species in this area. However, 80/197 (41 %) of deer sampled in Co. Wicklow and 7/15 (47 %) of deer sampled in Co. Cork were red-sika hybrids. Given their proximity and that hybrids are less likely to mate assortatively than pure individuals, the Co. Cork hybrids pose a threat to the Co. Kerry red deer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A survey of the hybridisation status of Cervus deer species on the island of Ireland

Smith

Carden

Coad³

et al. 2014

Conserv Genet

Self Cite

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“…The same is true for many wild animal species: they are given short shrift in archaeological discussions of food even though in the past they made a significant contribution to human diet and were often translocated and managed alongside animals that became the true 'domesticates' (e.g. Vigne, Daujat and Monchot 2015;Carden et al 2012;Carden 2012;Stanton, Mulville and Bruford 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fair game: exploring the dynamics, perception and environmental impact of ‘surplus’ wild foods in England 10kya–present

Sykes

2017

World Archaeology

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This paper brings together zooarchaeological data from Neolithic to postmedieval sites in England to explore the plasticity of cultural attitudes to the consumption of wild animals. It shows how, through time, game has been considered variously as 'tabooed' and 'edible', each having implications for patterns of biodiversity and wildlife management. The essential points being made are that deeper-time studies can reveal how human perceptions of 'surplus foods' have the potential to both create and remedy problems of environmental sustainability and food security. Perhaps more significantly, this paper argues that understanding the bio-cultural past of edible wild animal species has the potential to transform human attitudes to game in the present. This is important at a time when food security and the production of surplus are pressing national and global concerns.

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Iberian red deer: paraphyletic nature at mtDNAbut nuclear markers support its genetic identity

Carranza

Salinas

Andrés

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Red deer populations in the Iberian glacial refugium were the main source for postglacial recolonization and subspecific radiation in north‐western Europe. However, the phylogenetic history of Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) and its relationships with northern European populations remain uncertain. Here, we study DNA sequences at the mitochondrial control region along with STR markers for over 680 specimens from all the main red deer populations in Spain and other west European areas. Our results from mitochondrial and genomic DNA show contrasting patterns, likely related to the nature of these types of DNA markers and their specific processes of change over time. The results, taken together, bring support to two distinct, cryptic maternal lineages for Iberian red deer that predated the last glacial maximum and that have maintained geographically well differentiated until present. Haplotype relationships show that only one of them contributed to the northern postglacial recolonization. However, allele frequencies of nuclear markers evidenced one main differentiation between Iberian and northern European subspecies although also supported the structure of both matrilines within Iberia. Thus, our findings reveal a paraphyletic nature for Iberian red deer but also its genetic identity and differentiation with respect to northern subspecies. Finally, we suggest that maintaining the singularity of Iberian red deer requires preventing not only restocking practices with red deer specimens belonging to other European populations but also translocations between both Iberian lineages.

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Phylogeographic, ancient DNA, fossil and morphometric analyses reveal ancient and modern introductions of a large mammal: the complex case of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Ireland

Cited by 66 publications

References 43 publications

A survey of the hybridisation status of Cervus deer species on the island of Ireland

A survey of the hybridisation status of Cervus deer species on the island of Ireland

Fair game: exploring the dynamics, perception and environmental impact of ‘surplus’ wild foods in England 10kya–present

Iberian red deer: paraphyletic nature at mtDNAbut nuclear markers support its genetic identity

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