Phylotype and sequevar variability of <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> in Brazil, an ancient centre of diversity of the pathogen

Santiago, Thaís Ribeiro; Lopes, C. A.; Caetano‐Anollés, Gustavo; Mizubuti, Eduardo S. G.

doi:10.1111/ppa.12586

Cited by 52 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Considering that these strains are probably endemic the high level of diversity encountered is expected and similar variability has been reported before in Brazil, especially for phylotype IIB by Santiago et al (2016) who reported four new sequevars for this phylotype some of which were found on potato. Here we report additional three new sequevars of phylotype IIB that are phylogenetically distinct from any of those described before.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…which probably originated from the Brazilian Amazon basin and can have co-evolved with many plant species (Wicker et al, 2012; Santiago et al, 2016). This potato infecting taxon has spread world-wide and the reference sequences from all over the world are highly homologous suggesting clonal propagation and a relatively recent international dissemination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Current Occurrence of Bacterial Wilt Bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum in Peru

et al. 2017

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The current bacterial wilt infestation level in the potato fields in the Peruvian Andes was investigated by collecting stem samples from wilted plants and detecting Ralstonia solanacearum. In total 39 farmers’ fields located in the central and northern Peru between the altitudes 2111 and 3742 m above sea level were sampled. R. solanacearum was detected in 19 fields, and in 153 out of the 358 samples analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis using the partial sequence of the endoglucanase gene on strains collected in Peru between 1966 and 2016 from potato, pepper, tomato, plantain or soil, divided the strains in phylotypes I, IIA, and IIB. The Phylotype IIB isolates formed seven sequevar groups including the previously identified sequevars 1, 2, 3, 4, and 25. In addition to this, three new sequevars of phylotype IIB were identified. Phylotype IIA isolates from Peru clustered together with reference strains previously assigned to sequevars 5, 39, 41, and 50, and additionally one new sequevar was identified. The Phylotype I strain was similar to the sequevar 18. Most of the Peruvian R. solanacearum isolates were IIB-1 strains. In the old collection sampled between 1966 and 2013, 72% were IIB-1 and in the new collection at 2016 no other strains were found. The pathogenicity of 25 isolates representing the IIA and IIB sequevar groups was tested on potato, tomato, eggplant and tobacco. All were highly aggressive on potato, but differed in pathogenicity on the other hosts, especially on tobacco. All IIA strains caused latent infection on tobacco and some strains also caused wilting, while IIB strains caused only few latent infections on this species. In conclusion, high molecular diversity was found among the R. solanacearum strains in Peru. Most of the variability was found in areas that are no longer used for potato cultivation and thus these strains do not pose a real threat for potato production in the country. Compared to the previous data from the 1990s, the incidence of bacterial wilt has decreased in Peru. The epidemics are likely caused by infected seed tubers carrying the clonal brown rot strain IIB-1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Current Occurrence of Bacterial Wilt Bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum in Peru

et al. 2017

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“…Brazil is considered a putative centre of origin of Ralstonia solanacearum (phylotype II) (Wicker et al, 2012). However, R. pseudosolanacearum (phylotype I) has also been found associated with solanaceous crops, such as tomato, aubergine, long pepper and bell pepper (Santiago, Lopes, Caetano‐Anollés, & Mizubuti, 2017). Until now, only phylotype II has been reported causing BW in eucalypt in Brazil, but some reports indicate that phylotype I can also cause wilt symptoms in eucalypt in Africa and Asia (Carstensen, Venter, Wingfield, & Coutinho, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characterization of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum infecting Eucalyptus sp. in Brazil

et al. 2020

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Ralstonia solanacearum sensu lato causes bacterial wilt in many agronomic crops and tree species economically important worldwide. It is a species complex that has been divided into phylotypes and sequevars, commonly related to geographic distribution. Knowledge of the phylotype composition and genetic variability in populations of this phytopathogenic bacterium is useful for implementing effective control measures. In a survey conducted in 2019, six bacterial strains were obtained from wilted Eucalyptus urophylla trees in plantations located in the municipality of Dom Eliseu, Pará state, Brazil. Multiplex PCR based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) indicated that the bacterial strains belonged to two different species, namely R. pseudosolanacearum (phylotype I) and R. solanacearum (phylotype II). In a phylogenetic analysis, the nucleotide sequence of the endoglucanase (egl) gene from eucalypt strains of phylotype I clustered together with sequevar 18 sequences from GenBank. Separation of the strains into two different species was confirmed by repetitive element palindromic PCR (rep‐PCR). Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the R. solanacearum and R. pseudosolanacearum strains recovered from E. urophylla cause disease in both tomato and eucalypt plants. Until now, only R. solanacearum (Phylotype II) has been reported causing wilt symptoms on Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil. Therefore, the presence of R. pseudosolanacearum and a need for better understanding of its genetic and aggressiveness variability as well as possible differences between the two species should be considered in breeding programmes aimed at the deployment of host resistance.

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“…Durante seu ciclo esta planta sofre bastante devido a ocorrência de varias doenças, dentre elas as várias bacterioses, com destaque para a murcha bacteriana causada por R. pseudosolanacearum e R. solanacearum (SANTIAGO et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Parâmetros genéticos de famílias F2:3 de tomateiro para resistência à Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum e Ralstonia solanacearum

et al. 2018

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Resumo: O tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum) é uma cultura de grande importância para o Brasil, no entanto se mostra suscetível a várias bacterioses. Objetivou-se estudar os parâmetros genéticos de 43 familias F 2:3 de tomateiro na resistência à R. pseudosolanacearum e R. solanacearum. As famílias foram obtidas a partir do cruzamento entre as cultivares Yoshimatsu (resistente) e IPA-7 (susceptível). Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, sendo um para cada espécie. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e 45 tratamentos. Avaliou-se a incidência e severidade da murcha bacteriana, por meio de escala discritiva de notas, aos 10 e 20 dias após a inoculação. Observou-se menor influência do ambiente, e maior variabilidade para R. pseudosolanacearum do que para R. solanacearum, tanto entre quanto dentro de famílias. Para R. pseudosolanacearum recomenda-se priorizar a selecção com 20 dias entre e dentro de famílias; para R. solanacearum deve-se selecionar apenas aos 20 dias, entre familias. Foram identificadas maiores quantidades de plantas resistentes para R. pseudosolanacearum em qualquer época de avaliação do que para R. solanacearum. Palavras-chave: Severidade; Murcha bacteriana; Solanum LycopersicumAbstract: The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important crop in Brazil, however, it is susceptible to different types of bacteria races. The objective was to study the genetic parameters of 43 F 2:3 families of tomato in resistance to R. pseudosolanacearum and R. solanacearum. The families were obtained from the cross between the cultivars Yoshimatsu (resistant) and IPA-7 (susceptible). Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse at Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, one for each species of the genus R. spp. A randomized block design was used with four replications and 45 treatments. There is less influence of the environment, and greater variability for R. pseudosolanacearum than for R. solanacearum, both among and within families. For R. pseudosolanacearum it is recommended to select 10 days between families, and 20 days between and within families. R. solanacearum should be selected from families only at 20 days. Larger amounts of resistant plants were identified for R. pseudosolanacearum at any time of evaluation than for R. solanacearum.

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Phylotype and sequevar variability of Ralstonia solanacearum in Brazil, an ancient centre of diversity of the pathogen

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Current Occurrence of Bacterial Wilt Bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum in Peru

Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Current Occurrence of Bacterial Wilt Bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum in Peru

Detection and characterization of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum infecting Eucalyptus sp. in Brazil

Parâmetros genéticos de famílias F2:3 de tomateiro para resistência à Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum e Ralstonia solanacearum

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