Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Well-Being of Adults with Physical Disabilities and/or Chronic Diseases during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review

Boer, Diederik R. de; Hoekstra, Femke; Huetink, Kimberley I. M.; Hoekstra, Trynke; Krops, Leonie A; Hettinga, Florentina J.

doi:10.3390/ijerph18126342

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(175 reference statements)

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“…Another review study investigating adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases found an increase in SB during the first wave of COVID-19 in almost every examined case [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Changes in Workers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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Background: COVID-19 has changed the world and strongly affected the health of the people and the quality of their life. These changes might impact employees’ physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). This study aimed to summarize the literature focusing on the COVID-19-caused changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior among the adult working population. Methods: Literature searches were conducted in June 2021 using multiple electronic databases. The following keywords and synonyms were used during the searching process: physical activity, sedentary behavior, COVID-19, employee. After the data cleaning process (duplicates, inclusion criteria), the title and the abstract of all manuscripts from the searches were screened independently by two reviewers. Results: Thirty-nine manuscripts were selected as a result of the searching process. Of these, 5 were SB related, 15 were PA related and 19 addressed both PA and SB. There were longitudinal (10), cross-sectional (28) and a case study (1) in the selected manuscripts. The majority of studies were conducted in the USA (6) and Europe (18), and four studies examined the PA and/or SB in multiple countries. The majority (34 studies) of the studies used subjective, self-reported, but mostly before-validated questionnaires. Objective measures were less common and used only 12.8% of the examined studies. Moreover, 76.4% of the studies described an overall decrease in the amount of PA during the COVID-19 pandemic. In three cases, researchers observed an increase in PA among the workers. Five studies reported no significant changes in the amount of PA during the pandemic. As far as SB is concerned, 18 out of 24 of the studies reported an overall increase in the amount of SB between the two periods. Four manuscripts reported no significant change in the amount of SB, and there was only one manuscript in the examined studies that reported an overall decrease in the SB time before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussion: There is no doubt that the COVID-19 pandemic, including lockdown and work from home (WFH) policies, impaired the PA and SB level of the populations. This period has delivered an important message for the adult working population as well. They should be as active as possible and avoid high levels of SB and uninterrupted sitting time. Therefore, organizations, policies and public health bodies should motivate workers, especially office workers, to be more active and interventions must be developed to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 on PA and SB.

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“…Another review study investigating adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases found an increase in SB during the first wave of COVID-19 in almost every examined case [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In a mini-review [80], the authors reported a significant reduction of PA levels among university students compared to pre-lockdown values. Moreover, another review study investigating adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases found a decrease in PA during the first wave of COVID-19 in almost every examined study [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in Workers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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“…Reflecting existing evidence of a negative impact on physical activity during the pandemic in this group, 19 36 participants with disabilities were around 3.5 times more likely to not exercise at all than participants with no disabilities. This may reflect challenges imposed by lockdown restrictions including disruption to public transport and reduced access to professional and social support for attending gyms, 36 and existing barriers to physical activity. 19 37 The most common types of disability in this sample were visual impairment/blindness, disability affecting mobility and mental health conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snapshot of health-related behaviours in adults living with disabilities 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey study

Hussain¹,

Heinze²,

Castle³

et al. 2022

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThis survey aimed to assess the status of a range of health-related behaviours 1 year after the coronavirus outbreak was declared a pandemic in adults living with disabilities comparative with those with no disabilities.DesignThis cross-sectional study reports findings from an online survey conducted in March 2021. Mann-Whitney U and Χ2 tests were used to compare a range of health behaviours including time spent self-isolating, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency and diet in adults with and without disabilities.SettingA convenience sample of UK adults was recruited through the researchers’ personal and professional networks including UK-based sight loss sector charities, social media platforms and professional forums.ParticipantsA total of 123 UK participants completed the survey.Outcome measuresCOVID-19 diagnosis, time spent self-isolating, alcohol consumption frequency, exercise frequency, change in smoking habit and eating habits.ResultsNo significant differences were found in alcohol consumption, smoking, water intake, breakfast, or fruit and vegetable intake. There were statistically significant differences in the time spent self-isolating (U=2061, p=0.001), exercise frequency (U=1171.5, p=0.005) and the amount of food eaten (χ2 (2)=9.60, p=0.008, Cramer’s V=0.281). Although the majority in both groups reported exercising three to four times per week and eating what they should, those with disabilities were more likely to eat less than they should, not exercise at all and to have been self-isolating for over 6 months than participants with no disabilities.ConclusionsThe data in this study present some key differences between the two groups, with those living with disabilities being more likely to report that they had been self-isolating for prolonged periods of time, not exercising at all, and not eating as much as they should . This raises concerns for the health and well-being of individuals with disabilities.

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“…There is emerging evidence concerning the detrimental physical and mental effects of the pandemic [ 1 , 2 ], including on athletic populations [ 3 , 4 ]. The detrimental effects of lockdowns appear to vary among individuals [ 5 ]. For example, para- and able-bodied athletes require differing levels of support and equipment to train effectively [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and “Bubble” Training Camps

Washif

Ammar

Trabelsi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lifestyles and training of elite athletes around the world. The detrimental effects of lockdown periods may vary among individuals, as well as among sports and sexes. This study investigated the changes in dietary habits, and the predictors of perceived stress during lockdown and a “bubble” training camp. This cross-sectional, online survey involved 76 elite and world-class athletes from six able-bodied sports and nine parasports, all of whom were involved in a 30-day “bubble” training camp. Questions were asked on socio-demographics, training routines and wellbeing, perceived stress, and dietary habits, pertaining to “normal” training (prelockdown), lockdown training, and “bubble” camp training periods. Changes in perceived stress were trivial to small during lockdown compared to “normal” training, and trivial to moderate during a “bubble” camp, compared to lockdown. Para-athletes, males, older athletes, less experienced athletes, married individuals, and specific ethnicities appeared to be more detrimentally affected (increased perceived stress) by lockdown. These negative experiences, however, were largely reversed during “bubble” camps. During lockdown, more athletes reported increased evening snack consumption (+8%), later meal-times (+6%), decreased fluid intake (−6%), and no breakfast (+7%). These changes were reversed during “bubble” camps (12–18% improvements). Sport classification accounted for 16% of the increased perceived stress (p = 0.001) during lockdown. Overall, socio-demographic factors, improvements in training routines, well-being, and dietary habits explained 28% of the decreased perceived stress during a “bubble” camp. In conclusion, better dietary habits, training routines and well-being have implications for reduced perceived stress. During lockdown, “bubble” camps may be beneficial, but this observation may be a case-by-case consideration, and short split “bubble” periods are recommended.

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Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Well-Being of Adults with Physical Disabilities and/or Chronic Diseases during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review

Cited by 32 publications

References 87 publications

Changes in Workers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Changes in Workers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Snapshot of health-related behaviours in adults living with disabilities 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey study

Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and “Bubble” Training Camps

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