Physical Fruit Traits, Nutritional Composition, and Seed Oil Fatty Acids Profiling in the Main Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Varieties Grown in Morocco

Abstract

We investigated fruit physical traits and nutritional value in both seed and flesh in eight Moroccan date palm varieties. The greatest values of weight for whole fruit, flesh, seed, and flesh percentage were found in “Boufgous,” “Agondari,” and “Bouskri.” These two later varieties displayed also their superiority with respect to proximate composition. For fruit flesh, proximate composition, energy value, and reducing capacity ranged as follows: proteins (1.60–3.53%), moisture (5.31–17.31%), ash (2.08–2.50%), lipids (0.32–1.09%), carbohydrates (76.69–90.18%), energy value (338.30–385.89 kcal/100 g), and reducing capacity (100.14–1607.12 mg GAE/100 g). Corresponding values in seeds were as follows: proteins (3.20–5.00%), moisture (1.42–4.14%), ash (1.14–1.50%), lipids (6.30–7.40%), carbohydrates (83.39–85.55%), energy value (417.06–429.51 kcal/100 g), and reducing capacity (1427.71–6843.84 mg GAE/100 g dry weight). Among all minerals (K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Na, and Zn) found in both fruit parts, K had the highest records for both flesh (12047 mg/kg) and seed (6127.6 mg/kg), followed by Mg and Ca. Seeds lipidic fraction was dominated by monounsaturated fatty acid C18 : 1 (47.5%), followed by saturated fatty acids mostly C12 : 0 (18.0%), C14 : 0 (10.5%), and C16 : 0 (10.6%) and finally polyunsaturated fatty acid C18 : 2 (8.8%). It could be concluded that investigated varieties presented a great importance from a nutritional point of view, and seeds could present important opportunities of valorization.

Proximate Composition, Physicochemical, and Lipids Profiling and Elemental Profiling of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Grown in Morocco

“…e proteins content was calculated by multiplying the total nitrogen content of the sample by a factor of 6.25 as described by ISO 4-1:1663ISO 4-1: , 2008. Indeed, the factor used to calculate the crude protein content from the total nitrogen content is derived from the Dumas method, which is the reference method for the determination of total nitrogen content [19].…”

Comparative Assessment of Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Kernel Oil from Eight Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Cultivars

“… Saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in sour cherry oils (mean for eight cultivars) in comparison with selected conventional plant oils. Source: * data obtained from our own research; all other data from literature [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. …”

Date fruit as a promising source of functional carbohydrates and bioactive compounds: A review on its nutraceutical potential

“…Therefore, extract of date fruit can be considered as antihyperglycemic (Habib & Ibrahim, 2011;Ibourki et al, 2021;Siddiq et al, 2013).…”

“…Proximate composition of different varieties of Phoenix dactylifera (Abdul‐Hamid et al, 2020; Ahmed, Al‐Jasass, & Siddiq, 2014; Habib & Ibrahim, 2011; Ibourki et al, 2021). …”

“…The mechanism of action could be either through enhancing the tissue utilization of glucose or absorbance of glucose to adipose tissues and muscles or through prevention of gluconeogenesis in the liver (Hasan & Mohieldein, 2016). Therefore, extract of date fruit can be considered as anti‐hyperglycemic (Habib & Ibrahim, 2011; Ibourki et al, 2021; Siddiq et al, 2013).…”