Physical interaction and assembly of Bacillus subtilis spore coat proteins CotE and CotZ studied by atomic force microscopy

Liu, Huiqing; Qiao, Haiyan; Krajcikova, Daniela; Zhang, Zhe; Wang, Hongda; Barák, Imrich; Tang, Jilin

doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2016.06.010

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…As demonstrated, the morphogenetic protein CotE interacted directly and specifically with CotZ, resulting in the formation of a stable complex, and this phenomenon was strongly dependent on the CotE/CotZ ratio. Importantly, the above results not only provided crucial information on spore cote assembly, which might be translated into the design of improved sporicidal agents, but also confirmed unique advantages of the AFM/SMFS analysis for characterization of other coat proteins [150].…”

Section: Investigation Of Bacteria and Fungi Phenotypic And Virulence Features Using Afmsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Regarding the investigation of bacterial spore structure and functioning, a particularly interesting study was performed by Liu and co-workers [150]. The authors engaged AFM-based SMFS to investigate the specific interactions between B. subtilis spore's coat proteins, determining the spores' resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions and analyzing both unbinding force and kinetic data in CotE and CotZ proteins.…”

Section: Investigation Of Bacteria and Fungi Phenotypic And Virulence Features Using Afmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physics Comes to the Aid of Medicine—Clinically-Relevant Microorganisms through the Eyes of Atomic Force Microscope

et al. 2020

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Despite the hope that was raised with the implementation of antibiotics to the treatment of infections in medical practice, the initial enthusiasm has substantially faded due to increasing drug resistance in pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, there is a need for novel analytical and diagnostic methods in order to extend our knowledge regarding the mode of action of the conventional and novel antimicrobial agents from a perspective of single microbial cells as well as their communities growing in infected sites, i.e., biofilms. In recent years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been mostly used to study different aspects of the pathophysiology of noninfectious conditions with attempts to characterize morphological and rheological properties of tissues, individual mammalian cells as well as their organelles and extracellular matrix, and cells’ mechanical changes upon exposure to different stimuli. At the same time, an ever-growing number of studies have demonstrated AFM as a valuable approach in studying microorganisms in regard to changes in their morphology and nanomechanical properties, e.g., stiffness in response to antimicrobial treatment or interaction with a substrate as well as the mechanisms behind their virulence. This review summarizes recent developments and the authors’ point of view on AFM-based evaluation of microorganisms’ response to applied antimicrobial treatment within a group of selected bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The AFM potential in development of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods for combating of infections caused by drug-resistant bacterial strains is also discussed.

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Section: Investigation Of Bacteria and Fungi Phenotypic And Virulence Features Using Afmsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Investigation Of Bacteria and Fungi Phenotypic And Virulence Features Using Afmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics Comes to the Aid of Medicine—Clinically-Relevant Microorganisms through the Eyes of Atomic Force Microscope

et al. 2020

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“…Surrounding the cortex, the spore coat consists of about 80 proteins deposited by the mother cell arranged in inner and outer layers ( Fig. 3) (Liu et al 2016;McKenney et al 2013).…”

Section: Structure Of B Subtilis Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in research and application development of surface display technology using Bacillus subtilis spores

Lin

Yuan

et al. 2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Bacillus subtilis is a widely distributed aerobic Gram-positive species of bacteria. As a tool in the lab, it has the advantages of nonpathogenicity and limited likelihood of becoming drug resistant. It is a probiotic strain that can be directly used in humans and animals. It can be induced to produce spores under nutrient deficiency or other adverse conditions. B. subtilis spores have unique physical, chemical, and biochemical characteristics. Expression of heterologous antigens or proteins on the surface of B. subtilis spores has been successfully performed for over a decade. As an update and supplement to previously published research, this paper reviews the latest research on spore surface display technology using B. subtilis. We have mainly focused on the regulation of spore coat protein expression, display and application of exogenous proteins, and identification of developing research areas of spore surface display technology.

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“…Several studies demonstrated that morphogenetic proteins are in direct contact, indicating that they could form a basic, foundational structure, a scaffold to which the coat proteins are attached as the process of spore coat formation proceeds [15][16][17][18][19]. Other coat proteins are also produced at the same time as the key morphogenetic proteins, all of which are under the control of σ E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Bacillus subtilis Basement Spore Coat Layer Proteins

2021

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Bacillus subtilis endospores are exceptionally resistant cells encircled by two protective layers: a petidoglycan layer, termed the cortex, and the spore coat, a proteinaceous layer. The formation of both structures depends upon the proper assembly of a basement coat layer, which is composed of two proteins, SpoIVA and SpoVM. The present work examines the interactions of SpoIVA and SpoVM with coat proteins recruited to the spore surface during the early stages of coat assembly. We showed that the alanine racemase YncD associates with two morphogenetic proteins, SpoIVA and CotE. Mutant spores lacking the yncD gene were less resistant against wet heat and germinated to a greater extent than wild-type spores in the presence of micromolar concentrations of l-alanine. In seeking a link between the coat and cortex formation, we investigated the interactions between SpoVM and SpoIVA and the proteins essential for cortex synthesis and found that SpoVM interacts with a penicillin-binding protein, SpoVD, and we also demonstrated that SpoVM is crucial for the proper localization of SpoVD. This study shows that direct contacts between coat morphogenetic proteins with a complex of cortex-synthesizing proteins could be one of the tools by which bacteria couple cortex and coat formation.

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Physical interaction and assembly of Bacillus subtilis spore coat proteins CotE and CotZ studied by atomic force microscopy

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

Physics Comes to the Aid of Medicine—Clinically-Relevant Microorganisms through the Eyes of Atomic Force Microscope

Physics Comes to the Aid of Medicine—Clinically-Relevant Microorganisms through the Eyes of Atomic Force Microscope

Progress in research and application development of surface display technology using Bacillus subtilis spores

Interactions of Bacillus subtilis Basement Spore Coat Layer Proteins

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