Physical properties and depth of cure of a new short fiber reinforced composite

Garoushi, Sufyan; Säilynoja, Eija; Vallittu, Pekka K.; Lassila, Lippo

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2013.04.016

Cited by 241 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This finding might be explained by the fact that SF, unlike other bulk-fill resin composites, is not more translucent for blue light than conventional composite materials, due to its high filler content (84 wt%, 66 vol%) and irregularly shaped particles, which increase light scattering and thus decrease light transmittance [6]. Our results are supported by Garcia et al [51] and Garoushi et al [52], but in contrast to another study [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of irradiation time on degree of conversion (DC) and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites in depths up to 6 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four bulk-fill materials (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill-TECBF; x-tra fil-XF; QuixFil-QF; SonicFill-SF) and one conventional nano-hybrid resin composite (Tetric EvoCeram-TEC) were irradiated for 10, 20, or 30 s at 1,170 mW/cm(2). DC and Knoop microhardness (KHN) were recorded after 24-h dark storage at five depths: 0.1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 mm. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc test ( = 0.05). RESULTS With increasing bulk thickness, DC and KHN significantly decreased for TEC. TECBF and SF showed a significant decrease in DC and KHN at 4-mm depth after 10-s irradiation, but no decrease in DC after 30-s irradiation (p > 0.05). XF and QF demonstrated no significant DC decrease at depths up to 6 mm after irradiation of at least 20 s. At 4-mm depth, all materials tested achieved at least 80 % of their maximum DC value, irrespective of irradiation time. However, at the same depth (4 mm), only XF and QF irradiated for 30 s achieved at least 80 % of their maximum KHN value. CONCLUSIONS Regarding DC, the tested bulk-fill resin composites can be safely used up to at least 4-mm incremental thickness. However, with respect to hardness, only XF and QF achieved acceptable results at 4-mm depth with 30 s of irradiation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Minimum irradiation times stated by the manufacturers cannot be recommended for placement of highviscosity bulk-fill materials in 4-mm increments. Conclusions: Regarding DC, the tested bulk-fill resin composites can be safely used up to at least 4-mm incremental thickness. However, with respect to hardness, only XF and QF achieved acceptable results at 4-mm depth with 30 s of irradiation.Clinical relevance: Minimum irradiation times stated by the manufacturers cannot be recommended for placement of high-viscosity bulk-fill materials in 4-mm increments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

et al. 2014

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“…The major difference in this material is the nature of its filler system which is based on short glass fibers. Glass fibers were added for the purpose of improving the strength of the material and prevention of crack propagation [67,68]. On the contrary, in this study EVX showed the lowest elastic modulus compared to the other tested materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…On the contrary, in this study EVX showed the lowest elastic modulus compared to the other tested materials. The impact of the fiber reinforcement depends on the quality, quantity and adhesion of the fibers to the polymer matrix [68][69][70]. It is noteworthy that filler loading correlations in this study were made based on manufacturer values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and shrinkage-stress in dental resin-composites

2016

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Shrinkage-strainShrinkage-stress Strain rate Modulus of elasticity Bulk-fill a b s t r a c tObjectives. To investigate a set of resin-composites and the effect of their composition on polymerization shrinkage strain and strain kinetics, shrinkage stress and the apparent elastic modulus.Methods. Eighteen commercially available resin-composites were investigated. Three specimens (n = 3) were made per material and light-cured with an LED unit (1200 mW/cm 2 ) for 20 s. The bonded-disk method was used to measure the shrinkage strain and Bioman shrinkage stress instrument was used to measure shrinkage stress. The shrinkage strain kinetics at 23 • C was monitored for 60 min. Maximum strain and stress was evaluated at 60 min. The shrinkage strain rate was calculated using numerical differentiation. Significance. The nature of the monomer system determines the amount of the bulk contraction that occurs during polymerization and the resultant stress. Higher values of shrinkage strain and stress were demonstrated by the investigated flowable materials. The bulk-fill materials showed comparable result when compared to the traditional resin-composites.

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“…2 In addition, the duration of light activation needs to be increased for deep cavities to make up the increased light scattering caused by the depth of the restoration to assure proper cure of the composite resin at the bottom. 2,3,4 These procedures increase the chair time and the risk of saliva contamination between increments. 5 A new category of resin composites was introduced for bulk-filling deep and wide dental cavities providing a faster and easier procedure than the traditional incremental restoration technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 It was the lower radiant flux at the deepest layers that led to compromise of efficacy of polymerization. 1,2,3,4 To reduce these limitations, the bulk-fill resin composites are designed to have increased depth of cure through higher translucency or by addition of new, more efficient photoinitiators. Furthermore, lower shrinkage is achieved by modifying monomers, and reducing filler size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing depth-dependent curing radiant exposure and time of curing of regular and flow bulk-fill composites

et al. 2017

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The effect of restoration depth on the curing time of a conventional and two bulk-fill composite resins by measuring microhardness and the respective radiosity of the bottom surface of the specimen was investigated. 1-, 3-and 5-mm thick washers were filled with Surefil SDR Flow-U (SDR), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill-IVA (TEC) or Esthet-X HD-B1 (EHD), and cured with Bluephase ® G2 for 40s. Additional 1-mm washers were filled with SDR, TEC or EHD, placed above the light sensor of MARC ® , stacked with pre-cured 1-, 3-or 5-mm washer of respective material, and cured for 2.5~60s to mimic 2-, 4-and 6-mm thick composite curing. The sensor measured the radiosity (E B ) at the bottom of specimen stacks. Vickers hardness (VH) was measured immediately at 5 locations with triplicate specimens. Nonlinear regression of VH vs E B by VH=α[1-exp(-E B /β)] with all thickness shows that the values of α, maximum hardness, are 21.6±1.0 kg/mm 2 for SDR, 38.3±0.6 kg/mm 2 for TEC and 45.3±2.6 kg/mm 2 for EHD, and the values of β, rate parameter, are 0.40±0.06 J/cm 2 for SDR, 0.77±0.04 J/cm 2 for TEC and 0.58±0.09 J/cm 2 for EHD. The radiosity of the bottom surface was calculated when the bottom surface of each material attained 80% of α of each material. The curing times for each material are in agreement with manufacturer recommendation for thickness. It is possible to estimate time needed to cure composite resin of known depth adequately by the radiosity and microhardness of the bottom surface.

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Physical properties and depth of cure of a new short fiber reinforced composite

Cited by 241 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites

Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and shrinkage-stress in dental resin-composites

Comparing depth-dependent curing radiant exposure and time of curing of regular and flow bulk-fill composites

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