Physical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate Films

Amborski, Leonard E.; Flierl, Donald W.

doi:10.1021/ie50526a042

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…As generally utilized, PET is a versatile semi-crystalline engineering plastic material with excellent chemical resistance and thermal and mechanical performance. Its commercial importance and chemically flexible nature [10] make PET extensively used for apparel in fiber form, for film packaging, in beverage bottles, and in molded engineering components. Though it can be highly transparent and colorless, thicker samples are usually opaque and off white.…”

Section: Asr- P- Nuc-petsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the melt crystallization of polymers, especially slow crystallizing polymers like PLLA and PET

Tonelli

2020

Polymer Crystallization

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Over 20 years ago we demonstrated that it is possible to control the melt crystallization of polymers via self‐nucleation. Non‐covalently bonded inclusion compounds (ICs) can be formed with cyclodextrins (CDs) or urea (U) when these small host molecules crystallize around guest polymers and form narrow parallel host channels, where the isolated and stretched guest polymer chains are included. Careful removal of the host crystalline lattice yields a neat coalesced (c) guest polymer sample with less entangled chains that are packed to a higher density than bulk samples of the same polymer obtained from its melt or solutions. Consequently, the reorganized c‐polymer samples behave distinctly, with higher glass‐transition temperatures for amorphous polymers and enhanced crystallizabilities for semi‐crystalline polymers. Remarkably, c‐polymer samples retain their distinct reorganized structures and behaviors even after extended periods of melt annealing. When a small amount of the rapidly crystallizable c‐polymer is homogeneously dispersed in a large quantity of the same as‐received (asr) polymer, and it is melted and then cooled, the c‐polymer chains crystallize first and nucleate the crystallization of the asr‐polymer chains, so that the entire sample (nuc‐polymer) crystallizes at nearly the same temperature as the neat nucleant (c‐polymer), including slow melt‐crystallizing polymers, such as PET and PLLA.

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Section: Asr- P- Nuc-petsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the melt crystallization of polymers, especially slow crystallizing polymers like PLLA and PET

Tonelli

2020

Polymer Crystallization

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“…Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a semi‐crystalline polymer composed of crystalline and amorphous regions, and is a versatile engineering plastic material with excellent chemical resistance and thermal and mechanical performance. PET has been studied extensively due to its commercial importance and chemically flexible nature 1. PET is extensively used in fiber form for apparel, as film for packaging, in bottles for beverages, and is also molded into engineering components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Through Self‐nucleation

Joijode

Hawkins

Tonelli

2013

Macro Materials & Eng

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As‐received poly(ethylene terephthalate) (asr‐PET) may be reorganized by precipitation from trifluoroacetic acid upon gradual addition to a large excess of rapidly stirred acetone (p‐PET). Unlike asr‐PET, p‐PET repeatedly crystallizes rapidly from the melt, and can be used in small quantities (a few %) as an effective self‐nucleating agent to control and improve the bulk semi‐crystalline morphology and properties of asr‐PET. Nuc‐PET film has significantly increased hardness and Young's modulus and is much less permeable to CO2, while its un‐drawn fibers exhibit higher tenacities and moduli. Because nuc‐PET contains no incompatible additives, it may be readily recycled.

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“…A violation of this upper limit is usually interpreted as evidence for draining effects and chain stiffness. (2) This exprcssiou entl bles one to transform distributions of sedimentation constants to actual molecular weight, distribution curves. This will be reported in a subsequent communication.…”

Section: Mark-houwink Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromatic poly(amic acids): Fundamental structural studies

Wallach¹

1967

J. Polym. Sci. A‐2 Polym. Phys.

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SynopsisAromatic poly(amic acids) derived from pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4',-diaminodiphenyl ether were characterized by dilute solution techniques. Number-average molecular weights a,, of 13 samples ranged from 13,000 to 55,000 (DP 31-131). Weight-average molecular weights aw of 21 samples ranged from 9,900 to 266,000. The ratio &fw/&f,, was between 2.2 and 4.8. Heterogeneous polymerization yielded higher molecular weight polymer than homogeneous polymerization. The molecular weight could be varied systematically by control of stoichiometric imbalance. Use of very pure monomers and solvent gave polymers of relatively high number-average molecular weight (-50, 000) and the most probable molecular weight distribution aw/a,, = 2. Impure monomers and/or solvent resulted in lower number-average molecular weight (an E 20,000-30,000) and wider distributions (hTW/a,, = 3-5). The Mark-Houwink relation obtained was [ q ] = 1.85 X 10-*AiwO.*o The exponent is characteristic of moderately extended solvated coils. The unperturbed chain dimensions (T?/M)~'* were 0.848 A., and the steric factor u was 1.24 which is close to the limiting value of unity for an equivalent chain with free internal rotations. The sedimentation constant-molecular weight relation was SO = 2.70 X 10-21i?,~,39. This exponent is consistent with the Mark-Houwink exponent.

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Physical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate Films

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Enhancing the melt crystallization of polymers, especially slow crystallizing polymers like PLLA and PET

Enhancing the melt crystallization of polymers, especially slow crystallizing polymers like PLLA and PET

Improving Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Through Self‐nucleation

Aromatic poly(amic acids): Fundamental structural studies

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