Physical seed treatment techniques may influence stand establishment and yield of wheat in delayed cropping

Abstract

Efectos de los tratamientos físicos en semillas de trigo sobre el establecimiento y producción del cultivoBahram Mirshekari 1 ABSTRACTGood crop establishment and its effect on productivity is one of the major challenges in crop production. To investigate the effect of seed priming by physical techniques on stand establishment and yield of delayed wheat sowing, two experiments were conducted in Tabriz, Iran. Wheat seeds were treated with ultrasound, laser, magnetic field, gamma and beta irradiation for 3.5 and 5 min. and were sown on 17 April and 2 May, 2013-2014. All the seed priming treatments improved the coefficient of uniformity of emergence compared to non-primed seeds. Seedling vigor index responded positively and significantly to seed priming agents. There was no significant difference among laser, gamma and beta irradiations with respect to time from sowing to harvesting. Seeds primed by magnetic fields, ultrasonic waves and shorter exposure time to gamma irradiation had high chlorophyll in leaves. There was a non-significant difference between seed yields from sowing dates of 17 April and 2 May, and the yield ranged from 334 g m -2 average in the control, laser, beta irradiations and longer exposure time to gamma, up to 480.1 g m -2 in other treatments. Seed priming by magnetic fields, ultrasonic waves and shorter exposure time to gamma irradiation can be effectively used to improve crop performance and yield, especially in late-sown plants.Key words: chlorophyll, delayed sowing date, uniformity of emergence, ultrasonic wave. RESUMEN La siembra y buen establecimiento del cultivo y su efecto sobre el rendimiento es uno de los principales desafíos en la producción de cultivos. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los tratamientos físicos en semilla de trigo que estimulen la germinación para

Nano-Scale Zero Valent Iron (nZVI) Priming Enhances Yield, Alters Mineral Distribution and Grain Nutrient Content of Oryza sativa L. cv. Gobindobhog: A Field Study

“…Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment process that involves a regulated seed hydration step before radical emergence and this technique can induce rapid seed germination, stress tolerance, and synchronized seedling establishment (Bewley et al 2013 ; Paparella et al 2015 ). Among different seed priming methods, nutri-priming with inorganic fertilizers is considered to be quite advantageous in stimulating plant growth (Farooq et al 2007 ; Rehman et al 2011 ; Mirshekari, 2015 ). However, inorganic fertilizers (such as, Fe and Cu sulphate fertilizers)often contain a very high amount of heavy metals (like Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni) which can be severely toxic for the environment and human health, and repeated use of these inorganic salts at such early stage of seedling development must be avoided (Gimeno-Gracia et al 1996 ; Otero et al 2005 ).…”

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on tocochromanol and carotenoid biofortification in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings

“…For example, germinating red rice seeds significantly increased the seed content of GABA and riboflavin (vitamin B2) after ultrasound treatment 14 . Also, ultrasound treatment has been shown to increase chlorophyll content in wheat seedlings compared with seedlings that developed from untreated seeds 15 . Also, our lab found that tocochromanol and carotenoid content significantly increased in flax sprouts with dry ultrasonic pretreatment 16 .…”

“…14 Also, ultrasound treatment has been shown to increase chlorophyll content in wheat seedlings compared with seedlings that developed from untreated seeds. 15 Also, our lab found that tocochromanol and carotenoid content significantly increased in flax sprouts with dry ultrasonic pretreatment. 16 However, there are limited reports about the effect of wet ultrasonic pretreatment on phytochemicals in maize seedlings.…”

Effect of magnetic field‐assisting germination on bioactive substances and antioxidant activities of quinoa

“…Magnetic field treatment can improve seed expansion and crop yield after germination without toxic residues compared to chemical methods. Relevant studies have shown that the application of the magnetic field with appropriate intensity to treat wheat seeds can improve the content of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in seedlings (Mirshekari, 2015). Shine et al (2012) found that magnetic field treatment could improve water absorption rate, germinating speed, seedling length, fresh weight, dry weight, and vigor index of soybean seeds.…”