Physical, Thermal and Sorption Profile of Starch Obtained fromTacca leontopetaloides

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to elucidate functional properties of starch granules obtained from tubers of Tacca leontopetaloides and compare them to a commercially available maize starch. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis, Xray powder diffraction (XRPD), gravimetric moisture sorption, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the samples. Tacca starch exhibited a monomodal distribution of irregularly shaped granules with a mean particle size of 2.64 mm. The spherulites of both samples indicated an A-type pattern, with the degree of crystallinity estimated to be 35% for tacca starch and 38% for maize starch. The moisture sorption profile of both samples was analyzed according to the Guggenheim, Anderson and de Boer (GAB) equation. GAB analysis estimated the monolayer coverage for tacca and maize starch to be 0.0928 g/g and 0.0856 g/g, respectively. The gelatinization parameters of tacca starch were found to be 65.57 -68.56 -73.107C while that of maize starch were 67.30 -70.97 -76.257C. The results of DSC studies indicate that the associative forces that stabilize the granule structure in tacca starch are weaker than those in maize starch. The results obtained in this study establish the fundamental characteristics of tacca starch and suggest that further exploration of its potential for use in a variety of fields is warranted.

Potentials of tropical starches as pharmaceutical excipients: A review

“…Round, polygonal [64] Pachyrrhizus erosus --0.009 [67] 0.33 [67] 53-63 [67] 13.65 [67] 11.6-16.8 [68] 5-35 [69] Polygonal [69] Canna edulis 22.5-27.5 [82] 0.8-6.0 [81] Spherical [81] Zingiber officinale 0.15 [84] --0.12 [87] 83 [87] 14.65 [87] 25.5 [87] 3.5-38.6 [88] Ovoid [88] cross-linked tapioca starches produced tablets with very low crushing strength, while the acid modified starches produced tablets with higher crushing strength. Acidmodified and acid-modified cross-linked tapioca starches were shown to be useful as fillers in direct-compression tablet preparation [53].…”

“…The genus Tacca includes about 30 species of perennial herbs with tuberous or creeping rhizomes found in the moist tropics of Asia, Australia and Pacific islands. The tubers possess 22.40% dry matter and 10.22% starch [81].…”

“…Tacca starch consists of small spherical granules, which exhibits a monomodal narrow distribution with most of the particles lying between 0.8 and 6.0 mm. The XRD indicates a type-A diffraction pattern, with the degree of crystallinity estimated to be 35% and AM content of 22.5-27.5% [81,82]. The gelatinization parameters of tacca starch were found to be 65.57-73.108C and the associative forces that stabilize the granule structure are weaker than those in maize starch [81].…”

Film forming properties of Cissus pulpunea (Guill and Perr) and Irvingia gabonensis (O’Rorke) gums

“…Moisture sorption has been reported to be one of the most sensitive techniques for assessing the variation in the amorphous or crystalline content of polymers 24 as well as predicting some physicochemical and functional properties. 25 This is because the moisture uptake is predominantly due to the interaction of the water molecules with the amorphous part of the polymer network.…”

Comparable quality attributes of hepatitis E vaccine antigen with and without adjuvant adsorption-dissolution treatment

“…A LS13320 laser particle analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL) equipped with an optical bench and a Universal Liquid Module was used to measure the size distribution of adjuvanted p239 VLP vaccine suspended in ddH 2 O at 20 C. 29 No difference was observed in particle size when either saline or ddH 2 O was used as diluent during analysis.…”