Physical Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Water is a valuable material. Water used to dispose of nature or enter the consumption cycle requires disinfection and purification to conserve water resources as well as to provide drinking water. Different processes are carried out on the water to increase water quality as much as possible. In general, the filtration process can be divided into two general categories. In the first process, harmful substances are removed from the water. In the second group, the processes are specifically designed to improve the quality and control parameters such as the pH value. The stages of water purification can be divided into different steps more in detail, which physical purification is one of these steps and has been discussed in this chapter.

Filamentous fungi for sustainable remediation of pharmaceutical compounds, heavy metal and oil hydrocarbons

“…Physical wastewater treatment process refers to separating particle matter and solids in sanitary and industrial effluents ( Pirzadeh, 2022 ). Depending on the sewage type, fabric fragments, sand, plastic bits, and tree foliage may be in the wastewater entering the treatment plants.…”

An Energy-based Analysis of High Voltage Resonant-based Pulsed Low Power Converter for Water Treatment Application

“…According to the UN, 2.2 billion people lack safely managed drinking water in 2022, and 2.4 billion people live in water-stressed countries in 2020 [1]. Water treatment (includes chemical, physical, biological, and electrical treatment [2]- [4]) is the process of improving water quality by removing the microbial pathogens present in the wastewater. Treating water for end-use purposes like drinking, industrial applications, medical applications, etc., is essential due to drinking water shortages (0.4 % of water on this planet) and the increasing needs of the growing population.…”

Investigation of Biotransformation of 6:6 PFPiA into C6 PFPA during Anaerobic Digestion of Sludge

“…preliminary treatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, and tertiary treatment 25,[27][28][29] . Not all WWTPs implement these four treatment steps, some omit preliminary and/or tertiary treatment, while others may add additional treatment processes like enhanced primary treatment and/or advanced treatments 25,27 .…”

“…To briefly describe what occurs at each stage of the treatment process, during preliminary treatment larger matter and particles, as well as low density liquids and objects, are removed from the wastewater stream. This is done by using a combination of physical and chemical processes, as outlined in Table 1.1 [28][29][30][31][32] . An example of a chemical process that might occur during this step is the neutralization of the wastewater influent to ensure that when the treated wastewater is discharged into the environment, it has a potential of hydrogen (pH) of 7.0 27,28,31 .…”

“…In the case of lighter suspended matter and less dense liquids like oil, they float to the top of the chamber where they can be skimmed off. For heavier solids and suspended matter, they sink to the bottom of the chamber and are removed when most of the wastewater in the chamber is drained for further treatment 25,[27][28][29]31,32 .…”