Physically Based and Empirical Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Multiple Intensity Measures (PGA, PGV, Ia, FIV3, CII, and Maximum Fourier Acceleration Spectra) on Sakhalin Island

Abstract

In the present study, empirical attenuation relations for multiple ground motion intensity measures (PGA, PGV, Ia, FIV3, CII, and MFAS) were developed for Sakhalin Island (in the far east of Russia). A recorded strong motion dataset was used, making GMPEs applicable in active crustal regions with an earthquake magnitude range of 4–6 and a distance range of up to 150 km. The hypocentral distance was used as a basic distance metric. For the first time in the research, an analytical representation of Arias intensity (Ia) was obtained in the framework of a multi-asperity source model. Asperities are considered as sub-sources of high-frequency incoherent radiation. The physical representation of the attenuation model in our study was based on a stress drop on the asperities and the ratio of the total rupture area to the combined area of asperities. The average stress drop on asperities for the examined earthquakes was approximately 13.4 MPa, and the ratio of the total rupture area to the asperity area was 0.22, which is generally close to similar estimates for crustal earthquakes. The coefficients and statistical scattering of the attenuation models were also analyzed. Moreover, a magnitude scale based on a modified Arias intensity is proposed in the present study. The new magnitude scale has an explicit physical meaning and is characterized by its simplicity of measurement. It is associated with the acceleration source spectrum level and can be successfully used in early warning systems.

Achieving Intensity Distributions of 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) Earthquakes from Peak Ground Acceleration Records

“…In China, long-term PGA records were evaluated, and earthquake hazard maps were created with correlations converted to the MMI scale [43,55]. On the other hand, experimental correlations have been developed for earthquake early warning systems using the strong motion data set for multiple ground motion intensity measurements on Russia's Sakhalin Island [41].…”

“…In recent years, correlations based on local-scale comparisons have been developed. For example, Karim and Yamazaki [29] for Japanese data; Wu et al [30] for Taiwan; Kaka and Atkinson [31] for eastern North America; Tselentis and Danciu [32] for Greek earthquakes; Gama Garcia and Gomez Bernal [33] and Sørensen et al [34] for Guer-rero, Mexico; Linkimer [35] for Costa Rica, Faenza, and Michelini [36] for Italy; Bayrak [37] for Türkiye; Ardeleanu et al [38] for Vrancea Region, Romania; Cilica and Baker [39] for Chilean earthquakes and subduction zones; Hariyanto et al [40] for multi-event earthquake data; Konovalov et al [41] for Sakalin Island; Anugrayanti et al [42] for Mamasa; and Tian et al [43] for China are some of the developed correlations.…”