Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Properties of Xao Tam Phan (Paramignya trimera) Root Extract and Its Fractions

Abstract

Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Guillaum) has been used as a medicinal plant for cancer prevention and treatment in recent years. The objective of this study was to determine the physicochemical, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of crude P. trimera root (PTR) extract and its fractions using MeOH as a solvent and microwave-assisted extraction as an advanced technique for preparation of the PTR extract. The results showed that the PTR extract had high contents of saponins, phenolics, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins (7731.05 mg escin equiv. (EE), 238.13 mg gallic acid equiv. (GAE), 81.49 mg rutin equiv., and 58.08 mg catechin equiv. (CE)/g dried extract, resp.). Antioxidant activity of PTR extract was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of four its fractions and ostruthin, a key bioactive compound in the P. trimera, while potent cytotoxic capacity of PTR extract on various cancer cell lines in terms of MiaPaCa-2 (pancreas), HT29 (colon), A2780 (ovarian), H460 (lung), A431 (skin), Du145 (prostate), BE2-C (neuroblastoma), MCF-7 (breast), MCF-10A (normal breast), and U87, SJ-G2, SMA (glioblastoma) was observed with GI values ranging from 15 to 32 μg/ml. Cytotoxic potential on pancreatic cancer cells of PTR extract (100 - 200 μg/ml) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of its four fractions (50 μg/ml), ostruthin (20 μg/ml) and gemcitabine (50 nm), and being comparable to a saponin-enriched extract from quillajia bark, a commercial product. Based on the results achieved, we can conclude that the PTR extract is a potential source for application of in the nutraceutical, medical, and pharmaceutical industries.

Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Anti‐proliferative Capacities of Dried Leaf and Its Extract from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera)

“…Viability of HPDE cells treated with 100 μg/ml of the PTL extract in this study (2.2%) was similar to that of P . trimera root extract (2.4%), but being much lower than that of S . paniculatum extract (58%).…”

“…At 200 μg/ml of the PTL extract, the viability of MiaPaCa2 cells (6.6%) was significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than those at concentrations of 100 – 12.5 μg/ml (64.3 – 98.0%), 50 n m of gemcitabine (27.2%), and 20 μg/ml of ostruthin (86.3%), and it was comparable to that treated with quillaja bark extract (4.2%) and P . trimera root extract (4.2%) . Similar to MiaPaCa2 cells, the viability of BxPc3 and CFPAC1 cells treated with 200 μg/ml of the PTL extract (2.3 and 7.9%, respectively) were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than those treated with 100 – 12.5 μg/ml of the PTL extract (20.5 – 98.9% for BxPc3 and 16.4 – 71.2% for CFPAC1), 50 n m of gemcitabine (15.2 and 16.0%, respectively), and 20 μg/ml of ostruthin (60.9 and 81.4%, respectively), and being comparable to those treated with 200 μg/ml of quillaja bark extract (2.2 and 7.9%, respectively).…”

“…spinescens (28 – 110 μg/ml, except for MCF‐7: 12 μg/ml and SJ‐G2: 20 μg/ml), and being comparable to the P . trimera root extract . The high saponin content of PTL might contribute to its strong anti‐proliferative capacity when compared to those of E .…”

“…trimera root . Recent research evaluated the physicochemical, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of the P . trimera root extract and its fractions.…”

Antioxidant, Anti‐inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities of Polyphenols Extracted from Chroogomphus rutilus

“…In recent years, cancer has been one of the most important causes of death in the world, which is caused by abnormalities in the regulation of cell division and proliferation . At present, traditional anticancer drugs have high anticancer efficiency, but they also have some shortcomings, such as low selectivity, side effects, immunosuppression and gastrointestinal injury .…”