Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Binding Effect of Acacia etbaica Schweinf Gum in Granule and Tablet Formulations

Abstract

This study is aimed at evaluating the binding effect of Acacia etbaica gum in granule and tablet formulations using paracetamol as a model drug. Some physicochemical properties of the purified gum such as pH, the presence of tannin and dextrin, solubility, viscosity, loss on drying, total ash value, water solubility index, swelling power, moisture sorption, and powder flow properties were investigated. Paracetamol granules were prepared using wet granulation method at 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% w / w of the Acacia etbaica gum and compared with granules prepared with reference binders (PVP K-30 and Acacia BP) in similar concentrations. The granules were characterized for bulk and tapped densities, compressibility index and Hausner ratio, angle of repose, flow rate, and friability. Finally, the prepared granules were compressed into tablets and evaluated for different tablet characteristics: weight uniformity, thickness, diameter, crushing strength, tensile strength, friability, disintegration time, and in vitro release profile. The physicochemical characterization revealed that tannins and dextrin are absent in the gum, and the gum has acidic pH. Both the moisture content and total ash values were within the official limits. Furthermore, the gum was found to be soluble in cold and hot water but insoluble in organic solvent and exhibited a shear thickening viscosity profile and excellent flow properties with excellent compressibility. The granules prepared with the gum of Acacia etbaica and reference binders showed good particle size distribution and excellent flow and compressibility properties. All the prepared tablets passed pharmacopeial specifications with respect to their uniformity of weight, thickness, and disintegration time. Tablets formulated with Acacia etbaica gum and acacia BP meet the compendial specification for friability at binder concentrations more than 2%. Drug release properties of all the batches formulated with Acacia etbaica, PVP, and acacia BP complied with the pharmacopeial specification. It can be concluded that the gum of Acacia etbaica could be explored as an alternative excipient for its binder effect in granule and tablet formulations.

Development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of a Polyherbal Formulation Qurṣ-i Muṣaffī Recommended for the Treatment of Skin Diseases

“…Hardness and disintegration time increase if the percentage (%) of binder increases, whereas friability decreases. 20,21 Among 18 batches of QM, six batches with 10% binder (batch nos. 1, 2, 7, 8, 13, & 14) are totally out of acceptable limits in respect of all three variables (hardness friability and disintegration time), other six batches (batch nos.…”

Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Ficus vasta Gum as a Binder in Tablet Formulation

“…Five ml of the clear supernatants was taken in small preweighed evaporating dishes and heated to dryness over a digital thermostatic water bath at 50°C for organic solvents and at 105°C for distilled water for 2 h. Triplicate measurements were made. The ratio of the dried soluble mass (SM) to the volume of sample solution (VS) was determined as its percentage solubility using equation ( 10 ) [ 49 ]. …”

“…The final weight of the dish was noted and then placed over water in a desiccator for 5 days, thereafter removed and transferred into another desiccator over a desiccant for another 5 days. The dish with its content was weighed daily [ 49 ].…”

“…Particle Nature: The crystallinity nature of the gum extract was analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis using an XRD-7000 X-ray diffractometer (MAXima, SHIMADZU Corporation, Japan) at 40 KV and 15 mA with a scanning diffraction angle range of 10 to 60°C 2-theta. Percentage crystallinity was determined from the XRD data by calculating the area of peaks using OriginPro2022® (OriginLab Corporation, MA, USA) [ 49 ].…”

“…The wet mass was then transferred to a Petri dish and dried in an oven (Kottermann® 2711, Germany) at 105°C for 30 minutes. Finally, the dried granules were mixed using the turbular mixer with the rest of the ingredients: magnesium stearate, talc, and the disintegrant starch mass and passed through a 1 mm sieve (ERWEKA, Type AR 401, Germany) [ 49 ].…”