Physicochemical speciation of airborne 131I in Japan from Chernobyl

Noguchi, Hiroshi; Murata, Mikio

doi:10.1016/0265-931x(88)90042-2

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Their results are similar to those of others (e.g., [188]) and also not too different from samples of airborne 131 I in Japan (19% particular, 11% inorganic, 70% organic; [200]). The importance of organic iodides (e.g., CH 3 I) for the volatilisation of 131 I in reactor accidents was demonstrated by Wren et al [201].…”

Section: Speciation I)supporting

confidence: 90%

Speciation of Radionuclides in the Environment

Gunten

Beneš

1995

Radiochimica Acta

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Methods for the determination of the speciation of radionuclides in aerosols, in aquatic solutions, in sediments, soils and rocks are reviewed. At present, most of the results about speciation are deduced from model calculations, model experiments, and separation of species (forms) of radionuclides, e.g., by sequential extraction procedures. Methods of direct determination of speciation of radionuclides (e.g., by laser induced spectroscopy) are in general not yet sensitive enough for a measurement of the very low concentrations of radionuclides in the environment. The methodological part of this paper is followed by a review of the very abundant literature about speciation of important radionuclides in the environment, i.e., in the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphère. The review does not include the biosphere. Literature up to spring 1993 is included (with a few more recent additions).

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Section: Speciation I)supporting

confidence: 90%

Speciation of Radionuclides in the Environment

Gunten

Beneš

1995

Radiochimica Acta

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“…These iodine species are also principle constituents of natural iodine atmospheric cycling (48), but both photo-dissociate rapidly and are recycled through numerous intermediates in both gas and aerosol phases over time scales of hours to days (48,49). The reactions of iodine with the atmosphere and its aerosol components favor an equilibrium gasparticle distribution (50,51,52), and for both natural and fissionderived iodine, progress at comparable rates (53) and yield similar gross speciation (52). From these prior observations we conclude that the deposition of radioiodine via precipitation, thousands of kilometers and weeks removed from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, follows that of natural iodine, and therefore conforms to the primary natural pathway of iodine entry to the terrestrial environment (54).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surficial redistribution of fallout¹³¹iodine in a small temperate catchment

Landis

Hamm²,

Renshaw³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Isotopes of iodine play significant environmental roles, including a limiting micronutrient ( 127 I), an acute radiotoxin ( 131 I), and a geochemical tracer ( 129 I). But the cycling of iodine through terrestrial ecosystems is poorly understood, due to its complex environmental chemistry and low natural abundance. To better understand iodine transport and fate in a terrestrial ecosystem, we traced fallout 131 iodine throughout a small temperate catchment following contamination by the 11 March 2011 failure of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power facility. We find that radioiodine fallout is actively and efficiently scavenged by the soil system, where it is continuously focused to surface soils over a period of weeks following deposition. Mobilization of historic (pre-Fukushima) 137 cesium observed concurrently in these soils suggests that the focusing of iodine to surface soils may be biologically mediated. Atmospherically deposited iodine is subsequently redistributed from the soil system via fluvial processes in a manner analogous to that of the particle-reactive tracer 7 beryllium, a consequence of the radionuclides’ shared sorption affinity for fine, particulate organic matter. These processes of surficial redistribution create iodine hotspots in the terrestrial environment where fine, particulate organic matter accumulates, and in this manner regulate the delivery of iodine nutrients and toxins alike from small catchments to larger river systems, lakes and estuaries.

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“…To obtain a sufficient trapping efficiency, the active charcoal was previously impregnated with tetrabutylammoniumhydroxide (TBAH) or triethylenediamine (TEDA) solution. Experiments have shown a satisfactory separation of three fractions of iodine [70][71]. Iodine in the collected fractions is then separated by combustion using a tube oven (Fig.…”

Section: Speciation Analysis Of 129 I In Environment and Its Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was also argued that comparable iodine deposition in the coastal and the inland areas suggests that iodine flux to soil from terrestrial plant release is comparable to those from the ocean [141][142]. during the Chernobyl accident [70,138] indicated that 60-80% was observed in organic gaseous form, whereas the inorganic gas composes less than 10%, and the particle associated form is less than 35%. The high fraction of organic form of …”

Section: Speciation Analysis Of 129 I In Environment and Its Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%