Physiologic Effects of Endotoxemia

Gilbert, Hugh C.; Moss, Gerald S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2145-3_11

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Thrombus formation and consequently reduced cardiac output can result in inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues and organs, cellular death and multiple organ failure [32]. Understandably, if endotoxemia is left unaddressed and progresses into thrombus formation, subsequent cellular death, and multiple organ failure, then the risk of septic shock and/or mortality is drastically enhanced [33,34]. This progression of significantly detrimental clinical consequences is also apparent in response to bacteremia (i. e. whole bacteria in systemic circulation).…”

Section: Exercise-induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome and Gastrointesti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exertional Stress-induced Pathogenic Luminal Content Translocation – Friend or Foe?

Henningsen,

Martinez,

Costa

2024

Int J Sports Med

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The incidence of perturbed gastrointestinal integrity, as well as resulting systemic immune responses and gastrointestinal symptoms, otherwise known as exercised-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS), is common among individuals who partake in prolonged exercise. EIGS may cause the translocation of pathogenic material, including whole bacteria and bacterial endotoxins, from the lumen into circulation, which may progress into clinical consequences such as sepsis, and potentially subsequent fatality. However, further investigation is warranted to assess the possibility of food allergen and/or digestive enzyme luminal to circulatory translocation in response to exercise, and the clinical consequences. Findings from this narrative literature review demonstrate evidence that whole bacteria and bacterial endotoxins translocation from the gastrointestinal lumen to systemic circulation occurs in response to exercise stress, with a greater propensity of translocation occurring with accompanying heat exposure. It has also been demonstrated that food allergens can translocate from the lumen to systemic circulation in response to exercise stress and initiate anaphylaxis. To date, no research investigating the effect of exercise on the translocation of digestive enzymes from the lumen into systemic circulation exists. It is evident that EIGS and consequential pathogenic translocation presents life-threatening clinical implications, warranting the development and implementation of effective management strategies in at-risk populations.

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Section: Exercise-induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome and Gastrointesti...mentioning

confidence: 99%