Physiological and Differential Proteomic Analysis at Seedling Stage by Induction of Heavy-Ion Beam Radiation in Wheat Seeds

Abstract

Novel genetic variations can be obtained by inducing mutations in the plant which help to achieve novel traits. The useful mutant can be obtained through radiation mutation in a short period which can be used as a new material to produce new varieties with high yield and good quality wheat. In this paper, the proteomic analysis of wheat treated with different doses of 12C and 7Li ion beam radiation at the seedling stage was carried out through a Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) tagging quantitative proteomic analysis platform based on high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the traditional 60Co-γ-ray radiation treatment for reference. A total of 4,764 up-regulated and 5,542 down-regulated differentially expressed proteins were identified. These proteins were mainly enriched in the KEGG pathway associated with amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, signal transduction, protein synthesis, and DNA replication. Functional analysis of the differentially expressed proteins showed that the oxidative defense system in the plant defense system was fully involved in the defense response after 12C ion beam and 7Li ion beam radiation treatments. Photosynthesis and photorespiration were inhibited after 12C ion beam and 60Co-γ-ray irradiation treatments, while there was no effect on the plant with 7Li ion beam treatment. In addition, the synthesis of biomolecules such as proteins, as well as multiple signal transduction pathways also respond to radiations. Some selected differentially expressed proteins were verified by Parallel Reaction Monitoring (PRM) and qPCR, and the experimental results were consistent with the quantitative results of TMT. The present study shows that the physiological effect of 12C ion beam radiation treatment is different as compared to the 7Li ion beam, but its similar to the 60Co-γ ray depicting a significant effect on the plant by using the same dose. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the application of 12C and 7Li ion beam radiation in the mutation breeding of wheat and other major crops and promote the development of heavy ion beam radiation mutation breeding technology.

Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Effects of Carbon-Ion Beam on Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin Adventitious Buds

“…Consistent with the physiological results, the transcription levels of genes related to antioxidant enzymes and peroxisome in adventitious buds also significantly changed after CIB irradiation (Figure 7). In the case of wheat irradiated by CIB and γ-rays, the proteomic data also showed significant changes in the genes or proteins of POD, CAT, APX, glutamate decarboxylase, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthase, and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, in 5-day-old seedlings [43]. Taken together, the antioxidant system works synergistically to scavenge excess ROS and maintain normal growth under radiation damage stress.…”

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Response to Radiation

“…Similarly, Yang et al observed significant growth inhibition in Arabidopsis primary root elongation, sprouting and survival under a dose of 1.5107 ions cm −2 , while Ya et al observed dose-dependent growth inhibition in rice seedlings under low-energy N + beam injection [ 44 , 113 ]. Research conducted by Yuqi Li et al showed that the use of 12 C and 7 Li ion beams on winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) seedlings led to a decrease in their seedling height and root length [ 127 ]. This was further corroborated by a study conducted by Fifika et al, which revealed that carbon ion beam treatment had a similar effect on the growth of rice seeds [ 128 ].…”

Reactive oxygen species may be involved in the distinctive biological effects of different doses of 12C6+ ion beams on Arabidopsis

“…Furthermore, ion beam irradiation could also induce changes at the epigenetic levels, such as DNA methylation (Qian et al, 2010;Yu et al, 2011;Lima et al, 2014). The transcriptional and proteomic response of plants can differ due to the variety of plants and ion type (Xiong et al, 2020;Li et al, 2022).…”