PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF HAEMOLYMPH OF THE MEDFLY Ceratitis capitata WIED. THIRD INSTAR LARVAE AFFECTED BY THREE DIFFERENT PREPARED BOTANICAL EXTRACTS

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological changes and chemical components of haemolymph affected by three botanical extracts, namely volatile garlic oil, volatile peppermint oil and Neemazal T/S formulation in the haemolymph of C. capitata 3 rd instar larvae under constant laboratory conditions of 25 ± 1ºC, 75±5 RH % and 12/12 L/D at Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt. Artificial larval rearing medium was treated with two concentrations of 400 and 800 ppm for each botanical extract used as they are the most effective concentrations. Results showed that, in respect to carbohydrate, protein and lipid hydrolyzing enzymes, garlic oil recorded the highest enzyme activity valued 325.67, 297.33, 626.67 µg/ml, respectively; while Neemazal formulation recorded the lowest one of 112.67, 8.08, 44.33 µg/ml, respectively. In case of total free amino acids, Neemazal formulation recorded the highest level of 263.33 µg/ml, while garlic oil recorded the lowest one of 91.97 µg/ml. All botanical extracts reduced the total amount of mineral elements. However, Neemazal formulation was the most effective in reducing amount of sodium, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium indicating 4.91, 29.00, 4.74, 1.82, 251.83 µg/ml, respectively. Results clearly revealed that all botanical extracts investigated reduced the proportion of enzymes in the haemolymph of the 3 rd instar larvae than in control. The increasing of concentrations from 400 to 800 ppm increased the effects.