Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Fruit Sunburn

Munné‐Bosch, Sergi; Vincent, Celia

doi:10.1080/07352689.2019.1613320

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…The ELIPs, which accumulate in the thylakoid membrane, play important roles in photoprotection. When photoinhibition occurs, it has been described as an ELIP accumulation pattern, accompanied by a decrease in LHC levels due to D1 protein denaturation in PSII (Munné-Bosch & Vincent, 2019). We also found that six ELIPs were highly upregulated and that the LHC type 1-like protein chlorophyll a-b binding protein was down-regulated after sunlight treatment, suggesting that ELIPs and the LHC play a role in photoprotection in Sorbus pohuashanensis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Scientists have tried to introduce S. pohuashanensis to the plains of China as a horticultural crop. However, in the summer when plants are exposed to sunshine, necrosis spots are generated on the leaves, a phenomenon that has been called sunburn (Munné-Bosch & Vincent, 2019). Sunburn is one of the most serious problems facing the application of S. pohuashanensis and other plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The genome sequence of Sorbus pohuashanensis provides insights into population evolution and leaf sunburn response

Zhao

Zhang

Lu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Sorbus pohuashanensis is a potential horticulture and medicinal plant, but its genomic and genetic background remains unknown. Here, we de novo sequenced and assembled the S. pohuashanensis (Hance) Hedl. reference genome using PacBio long reads. Based on the new reference genome, we resequenced a core collection of 22 Sorbus spp. samples, which were divided into two groups (G1 and G2) based on phylogenetic and PCA analysis. These phylogenetic clusters were highly in accordance with the classification based on leaf shape. Natural hybridization between the G1 and G2 groups was evidenced by a sample (R21) with a highly heterozygous genotype. Nucleotide diversity (π) analysis showed that G1 has a higher diversity than G2, and that G2 originated from G1. During the evolution process, the gene families involved in photosynthesis pathways expanded and gene families involved in energy consumption contracted. Comparative genome analysis showed that S. pohuashanensis has a high level of chromosomal synteny with Malus domestica and Pyrus communis. RNA-seq data suggested that flavonol biosynthesis and heat-shock protein (HSP)-heat-shock factor (HSF) pathways play important roles in protection against sunburn. This research provides new insight into the evolution of Sorbus spp. genomes. In addition, the genomic resources and the identified genetic variations, especially those genes related to stress resistance, will help future efforts to introduce and breed Sorbus spp.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome sequence of Sorbus pohuashanensis provides insights into population evolution and leaf sunburn response

Zhao

Zhang

Lu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…"Honeycrisp" [37][38][39] is a high-valued bi-color apple that became popular for its unique fruit quality characteristics and palatability [40][41][42][43]. However, developed initially in a cold climate, it is susceptible to sunburn [11,44,45] and bitter pit [38,46]. As production continues to expand, particularly in warmer regions like Washington State, the use of protective netting to minimize losses to sunburn [2] will be necessary for the economic sustainability of this cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoselective Protective Netting Improves “Honeycrisp” Fruit Quality

Serra

Borghi

Mupambi

et al. 2020

Plants

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High temperatures, wind, and excessive sunlight can negatively impact yield and fruit quality in semi-arid apple production regions. Netting was originally designed for hail protection, but it can modify the light spectrum and affect fruit quality. Here, pearl, blue, and red photoselective netting (≈20% shading factor) was installed in 2015 over a commercial “Cameron Select® Honeycrisp” orchard. Our research objectives were to (1) describe the light quantity and quality under the colored nets compared to an uncovered control and (2) investigate the effect of Photoselective nets on “Honeycrisp” apple quality for two growing seasons. Light transmittance and scattering for each treatment were measured with a spectroradiometer, and samples for fruit quality analyses were collected at harvest. PAR (photosynthetic active radiation), UV, blue, red, and far-red light were lower underneath all netting treatments compared to an uncovered control. The scattered light was higher under the pearl net compared to other colors, while red and far-red light were lower under the blue net. For two consecutive years, trees grown under the photoselective nets intercepted more incoming light than the uncovered trees with no differences among the three colors. In both years, trees under red and blue nets had more sunburn-free (clean) apples than pearl and control. Red color development for fruit was lower when nets were used. Interestingly, bitter pit incidence was lower underneath red nets for both years. Other than red color development, “Honeycrisp” fruit quality was not appreciably affected by the use of netting. These results highlight the beneficial effect of nets in improving light quality in orchards and mitigating physiological disorders such as bitter pit in “Honeycrisp” apple.

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“…Secondary metabolites such as the carotenoids and polyphenols are well-established sunscreen compounds that are used to protect the berry’s photosynthetic apparatus from photo- and thermal oxidation and acclimate to changing levels of sunlight [ 5 , 6 ]. They function as antioxidants capable of scavenging ROS and quenching singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and triplet chlorophyll ( 3 Chl*), and screening light at different wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sunburn is a physiological disorder that impacts the composition and visual aspect of the fruit and leads to significant losses of quality and yield in a range of crops including grapes and apples. Depending on the severity of the damage, sunburn can be catalogued as either sunburn browning (SB), which manifests as brown lesions on the berry surface, or as sunburn necrosis (SN), which manifests as cracked and desiccated fruit [ 6 ]. Sunburn results from a combination of high light intensity, ultraviolet radiation and excessive heat, which is modulated by a series of factors including environmental conditions, grape variety, fruit developmental stage, water stress and canopy management [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Metabolites Coordinately Protect Grapes from Excessive Light and Sunburn Damage during Development

et al. 2021

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Sunburn is a physiological disorder that reduces grape quality and vineyard yield. It is the result of excessive sunlight and high temperatures. As climate change continues to increase air temperatures, reports of sunburn damage in vineyards worldwide are becoming more frequent. Grapes produce secondary metabolites (carotenoids, polyphenols and aroma compounds) to counter photooxidative stress and acclimate to higher radiation environments. This study evaluated changes in these compounds in during ripening when grapes were exposed post-flowering (ED) and at véraison (LD), and compared them to a nondefoliated control (ND). ND contained more α-terpineol and violaxanthin, and the defoliated treatments contained more zeaxanthin, β-carotene, C6 compounds and flavonoids. ED berries adapted better to higher-light environments, displayed larger changes in secondary metabolite concentrations and lower levels of sunburn damage than LD berries did. The composition of berries with increasing sunburn damage was evaluated for the first time. Berries with no damage had the lowest concentrations of flavonoids and oxidized glutathione, and the highest concentrations of chlorophyll and α-terpineol. As damage increased, destruction of photosynthetic pigments, increase in polyphenols and loss of aroma compounds were evidenced. A significant effect of temperature and developmental stage on grape composition was also observed. This study provides a holistic overview of changes in secondary metabolites experienced by grape berries when exposed to excessive light, how these vary along development and how they affect sunburn incidence.

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Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Fruit Sunburn

Cited by 39 publications

References 114 publications

The genome sequence of Sorbus pohuashanensis provides insights into population evolution and leaf sunburn response

The genome sequence of Sorbus pohuashanensis provides insights into population evolution and leaf sunburn response

Photoselective Protective Netting Improves “Honeycrisp” Fruit Quality

Secondary Metabolites Coordinately Protect Grapes from Excessive Light and Sunburn Damage during Development

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