Physiological reproductive status and progesterone concentration affect the results of tests to measure temperament traits in female beef cattle

Researching Human-Cattle Interaction on Rangelands: Challenges and Potential Solutions

“…Human approach tests can occur with or without conspecifics in close proximity to the focal beef cow in the corral and pen and involve a human approaching a focal cow (or group of cows) with a standard approach position and from a standard distance across repeated measures (Table 1). For example, as demonstrated in Freitas-de-Melo et al (2019) [ 99 ], the same observer approached the animal from 10 m at a pace of 1 step/second without visual contact while the animal was alone in an open yard and while the animal was grazing in the paddock. Measures recorded during the human approach test include flight distance, the distance between the human and the cow at which the cow steps away from the approaching human, as well as body and ear postures.…”

“…Schematic examples of human-interaction tests (presence, approach, contact, and restraint) that can be conducted with range cattle are presented in Figure 2 . The schematic examples involving human presence and approach with an unfamiliar human are adapted from studies that assess human interactions in a ‘home’ or grazing environment [ 99 , 107 , 109 , 128 ], presence and approach with a speaker and restraint schematic examples are derived from experiences undergone by authors on unpublished pilot studies and studies with wildlife that utilize speakers.…”

Welfare of horses from Mexico and the United States of America transported for slaughter in Mexico: Fitness profiles for transport and pre-slaughter logistics

“…Temperament refers to an individual behavioural response that is repeatable over time in different situations, which includes variety of traits, such as willingness to take risks, exploration, aggressiveness, and avoidance of novelty (Freitas-de-Melo et al, 2019). In horses, individual temperament and reactivity traits may be assessed by their behavioural response during restriction in the chute (Calviello et al, 2016).…”