Physiological responses in pigs on antioxidant supplementation during summer and winter

Chakraborty, Arindam; Baruah, Anubha; Sarmah, B. C.; Goswami, J.; Bora, Arundhati; Dutta, D. J.; Biswas, R. K.; Kalita, Dhruba Jyoti; Naskar, S.; Vashi, Yoya; Phangchopi, Donna

doi:10.18805/ijar.b-3401

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Regulation of body temperature is one of the most essential mechanisms to maintain the homeostasis of the whole organism and to assist in disease diagnosis and health monitoring (Yazgan, 2017;Zhang et al, 2019). Biological functions often depend on body temperature which is closely associated with its surrounding ambient environment as well as behavior, performance and physiological parameters of pig (Kessel et al, 2010;Bertoldo et al, 2012;Chakraborty et al, 2018). Kessel et al (2010) noted that the rate of metabolic processes increases with temperature, however if temperature is elevated beyond a certain threshold limit, biological functions may not work properly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Influence of Environmental Variables on Pig’s Body Temperature using ANN and MLR Models

Basak

Arulmozhi

Khan

et al. 2020

IJAR

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An experiment was conducted to find out the most influential factors affecting pig’s body temperature (PBT). For this purpose, eight environmental parameters and three growth related factors were considered as variables. Among these factors, seven environmental parameters, including temperature, CO2, temperature-humidity index inside and outside the pig’s barn and relative humidity inside the barn were taken as input variables for artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) models due to their good correlation (r ³ 0.5) with PBT. The results showed that ANN and MLR models had the lowest R2 values (0.81 and 0.69, respectively) and the highest RMSE (1.17 and 1.48, respectively) when they were run without temperature-humidity index; however, the maximum R2 (0.90 and 0.75, respectively) and minimum RMSE (0.92 and 1.40, respectively) were found without relative humidity. Based on the results, the temperature-humidity index could represent an important indicator in registering early warning signs of PBT status alternations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Influence of Environmental Variables on Pig’s Body Temperature using ANN and MLR Models

Basak

Arulmozhi

Khan

et al. 2020

IJAR

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“…This finding is also in accordance with that of Mou et al (2018), where they reported that supplementation with methyl donors increased the antioxidant capacity of sows as well as newborn piglets by increasing the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In another study, supplementation of antioxidant improved the antioxidant status and the ability of pigs to combat stress (Chakraborty et al, 2018). Homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations in pigs are typically several folds higher than in other species, which results in increased levels of ROS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Maternal Betaine Supplementation on Growth, Plane of Nutrition, Blood Biochemical Profile and Antioxidant Status of Progeny Pigs

Mishra¹,

Verma²,

Das³

et al. 2021

IJAR

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Background: Dietary supplementation of methyl donors like vitamins B9, B12, choline and betaine have been reported to reduce oxidative stress not only in sows but can also reduce oxidative stress in offspring through epigenetic modulation of DNA. However, cell proliferation and fetal development and oxidative stress associated with it is not uniform during the whole length of gestation. Hence this experiment was conducted to study the effects of maternal betaine supplementation on growth, plane of nutrition and antioxidant profile of progeny pigs.Methods: Eighteen crossbred (Landrace X Desi) sows were randomly distributed into three groups of six each in an experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD). The sows in control (T0) were fed standard ration to meet their requirements. Supplementary betaine at 3 g/kg DM were provided either during late pregnancy (d 76 onwards till parturition) only or throughout the length of gestation to the sows of groups T1 and T2, respectively. The samples of feed offered, residue and faeces were analyzed for proximate principles following the standard procedures. Blood samples from the progeny piglets were collected and antioxidant status of the piglets assessed by the measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) by using standard kits.Result: The serum concentration of SOD was comparable (p greater than 0.05) among the groups, whereas serum concentration of catalase was higher (p less than 0.05) in piglets born to the dam exposed to supplementary beanie during gestation, the best response was observed whilst betaine was supplemented in the maternal diets during the whole length of gestation It was concluded that supplementation of betaine at 3g/kg in the diet of pregnant sows improved the antioxidant capacity of piglets borne to them.

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“…Environmental indices . Thermal stress is generated by a combination of environmental factors, such as humidity and ambient temperature, and the anatomical fact that pigs have a decreased perspiration capacity [ 6 , 45 , 70 – 72 ]. Therefore, environmental indices and mathematical models have been developed to estimate the impact of the rise in environmental temperature on the thermal status of animals [ 43 – 46 , 64 , 65 , 73 , 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessment of increased respiratory frequency provides contactless method for monitoring the thermal state of the animal, as an increased respiratory rate is part of the adaptation strategy of an organism to cope with high temperature conditions to maintain thermoregulation, speeding up cooling through evaporative heat loss [ 95 , 103 ]. Pigs, in particular, must dissipate heat through perspiration, as they are deficient in sweat glands [ 72 , 78 , 95 , 103 , 104 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of animal-based indicators to measure thermal, social, and immune-related stress in pigs

et al. 2022

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The intense nature of pig production has increased the animals’ exposure to stressful conditions, which may be detrimental to their welfare and productivity. Some of the most common sources of stress in pigs are extreme thermal conditions (thermal stress), density and mixing during housing (social stress), or exposure to pathogens and other microorganisms that may challenge their immune system (immune-related stress). The stress response can be monitored based on the animals’ coping mechanisms, as a result of specific environmental, social, and health conditions. These animal-based indicators may support decision making to maintain animal welfare and productivity. The present study aimed to systematically review animal-based indicators of social, thermal, and immune-related stresses in farmed pigs, and the methods used to monitor them. Peer-reviewed scientific literature related to pig production was collected using three online search engines: ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed. The manuscripts selected were grouped based on the indicators measured during the study. According to our results, body temperature measured with a rectal thermometer was the most commonly utilized method for the evaluation of thermal stress in pigs (87.62%), as described in 144 studies. Of the 197 studies that evaluated social stress, aggressive behavior was the most frequently-used indicator (81.81%). Of the 535 publications examined regarding immune-related stress, cytokine concentration in blood samples was the most widely used indicator (80.1%). Information about the methods used to measure animal-based indicators is discussed in terms of validity, reliability, and feasibility. Additionally, the introduction and wide spreading of alternative, less invasive methods with which to measure animal-based indicators, such as cortisol in saliva, skin temperature and respiratory rate via infrared thermography, and various animal welfare threats via vocalization analysis are highlighted. The information reviewed was used to discuss the feasible and most reliable methods with which to monitor the impact of relevant stressors commonly presented by intense production systems on the welfare of farmed pigs.

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Physiological responses in pigs on antioxidant supplementation during summer and winter

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Assessment of the Influence of Environmental Variables on Pig’s Body Temperature using ANN and MLR Models

Assessment of the Influence of Environmental Variables on Pig’s Body Temperature using ANN and MLR Models

Effect of Maternal Betaine Supplementation on Growth, Plane of Nutrition, Blood Biochemical Profile and Antioxidant Status of Progeny Pigs

Systematic review of animal-based indicators to measure thermal, social, and immune-related stress in pigs

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