Physiological responses to acute changes in temperature and oxygenation in bird and reptile embryos

Nechaeva, M. V.

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2011.04.003

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Similar laboratory manipulations elicited physiological responses in close taxonomic relatives of C. picta: continuous hypoxia at 5% O 2 induced mortality in the closely related Trachemys scripta (Etchberger et al 1991); brief hypoxia at 10% O 2 (0.5 h) reduced heart rate (i.e. O 2 transport) in Emys orbicularis (Nechaeva 2011); and hypoxia due to experimentally-induced flooding of nests lasting 72 h reduced rates of growth and O 2 consumption in embryos of P. nelsoni (Kam 1994).…”

Section: Rationale For Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Survival of reptile embryos in subterranean nests is likely enabled by physiological adjustments that enhance O 2 transport during hypoxic events, including hypervascularization and hypertrophy of gas-exchange organs (Kam 1993a;Corona & Warburton 2000;Crossley & Altimiras 2005;Nechaeva 2011). Although C. picta is remarkable in its capacity to withstand extreme hypoxic conditions experienced in the adult life stage (Bickler & Buck 2007;Jackson et al 2007), our results do not suggest that tolerance to hypoxia during embryo life stages is exceptional relative to other turtles.…”

Section: Resilience To Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of low‐oxygen conditions on embryo growth in the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta

Cordero

Karnatz

Svendsen

et al. 2017

Integrative Zoology

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Low-oxygen conditions (hypoxia; <21% O ) are considered unfavorable for growth; yet, embryos of many vertebrate taxa develop successfully in hypoxic subterranean environments. Although enhanced tolerance to hypoxia has been demonstrated in adult reptiles, such as in the painted turtle (Chrysemys picta), its effects on sensitive embryo life stages warrant attention. We tested the hypothesis that short-term hypoxia negatively affects growth during day 40 of development in C. picta, when O demands are highest in embryos. A brief, but severe, hypoxic event (5% O for 0.5 h) moderately affected embryo growth, causing a 13% reduction in mass (relative to a normoxic control). The same condition had no effect during day 27; instead, a nearly anoxic event (1% O for 72 h) caused a 5% mass reduction. All embryos survived the egg incubation period. Our study supports the assumption that reptilian embryos are resilient to intermittently low O in subterranean nests. Further work is needed to ascertain responses to suboptimal O levels while undergoing dynamic changes in developmental physiology.

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Section: Rationale For Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resilience To Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low‐oxygen conditions on embryo growth in the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta

Cordero

Karnatz

Svendsen

et al. 2017

Integrative Zoology

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“…The mechanisms of the effect of hypoxia on chick embryogenesis are being intensely studied; however, they remain unclear thus far. In addition, there are still limited data on how the chick embryonic motility changes under hypoxia [19,20]. Earlier, we showed that acute hypoxia (10% O 2 10 min) inhibited cyclic (or periodic) motility as estimated by its temporal parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Age-related Changes in the Response of Embryonic Motility to Acute Hypoxia During the Third Quarter of Chick Embryogenesis

Nechaeva¹,

Алексеева²

2017

TOOENIJ

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Environmental factors may affect the growth, size, phenotype, behavior, and other characteristics of avian embryos at different developmental stages; however, the roles of individual embryonic physiological systems in these effects remain largely unclear. Embryonic motility is an important component of the prenatal development observed almost throughout embryogenesis and may be a precursor of post-hatching motor behavior. The influences of the environment on the development of motor behavior during embryogenesis (notably the embryonic motility affected by hypoxia) remain poorly studied. Consequently, using the chick embryo, we investigated the effect of acute hypoxia (10% or 5% О 2 for 20 or 40 min) on embryonic cyclic motility at incubation days (D) 10, 12, 14, and 15 using in vivo video recording. Hypoxia inhibited motility; specifically, the average duration of activity and inactivity phases during hypoxic exposure were shortened and prolonged, respectively. Age-related changes in the responses to 10% and 5% O 2 differed. The time course of the motility response to acute hypoxia varied during the D10-15 period and demonstrates that the embryo was capable of recovering motility under hypoxia. The recovery was likely enhanced with age due to maturation of regulatory capacity.

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“…Viviparous embryos maintain a relatively stable gas exchange between the mother and themselves through complex extra-embryonic membranes or placenta, whereas oviparous embryos are exposed to the external environment and may face unpredictable availability of O 2 and water (Deeming & Thompson 1991;Mess & Ferner 2010;Liang et al 2015). Identifying how embryos tolerate such unpredictability is crucial for the understanding of embryonic responses to environmental changes, because both O 2 and water availability can significantly affect embryonic development and hatchling phenotypes in oviparous vertebrates (Nechaeva 2011;Zhao et al 2013;Sun et al 2014;Bodensteiner et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas permeability of parchment-shelled non-avian reptile eggs is roughly 20 times higher than that of hardshelled non-avian reptile eggs (Ackerman 1991;Deeming & Thompson 1991). Therefore, embryos wrapped in hard-shelled reptile eggs suffer more dramatic ill effects from hypoxia (Booth 2000;Nechaeva 2011;Liang et al 2015). The opaque white patch is originated from the position where the embryo attaches; the loss of water makes the egg shell opaque (Ewert 1985;Thompson 1985;Deeming & Ferguson 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced egg shell permeability affects embryonic development and hatchling traits in Lycodon rufozonatum and Pelodiscus sinensis

Tang

Chen

2018

Integrative Zoology

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The response of embryos to unpredictable hypoxia is critical for successful embryonic development, yet there remain significant gaps in our understanding of such responses in reptiles with different types of egg shell. We experimentally generated external regional hypoxia by sealing either the upper half or bottom half of the surface area of eggs in 2 species of reptiles (snake [Lycodon rufozonatum] with parchment egg shell and Chinese softshelled turtle [Pelodiscus sinensis] with rigid egg shell), then monitored the growth pattern of the opaque white patch in turtle eggs (a membrane that attaches the embryo to the egg shell and plays an important role in gas exchange), the embryonic heart rate, the developmental rate and the hatchling traits in turtle and snake eggs in response to external regional hypoxia. The snake embryos from the hypoxia treatments facultatively increased their heart rate during incubation, and turtle embryos from the upper-half hypoxia treatment enhanced their growth of the opaque white patch. Furthermore, the incubation period and hatching success of embryos were not affected by the hypoxia treatment in these 2 species. External regional hypoxia significantly affected embryonic yolk utilization and offspring size in the snake and turtle. Compared to sham controls, embryos from the upper-half hypoxia treatment used less energy from yolk and, therefore, developed into smaller hatchlings, but embryos from the bottom-half hypoxia treatment did not.

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Physiological responses to acute changes in temperature and oxygenation in bird and reptile embryos

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of low‐oxygen conditions on embryo growth in the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta

Effects of low‐oxygen conditions on embryo growth in the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta

Age-related Changes in the Response of Embryonic Motility to Acute Hypoxia During the Third Quarter of Chick Embryogenesis

Reduced egg shell permeability affects embryonic development and hatchling traits in Lycodon rufozonatum and Pelodiscus sinensis

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