Phyto anti-biofilm elicitors as potential inhibitors ofHelicobacter pylori

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a global public health concern. Due to its high adaptability in various adverse environments (temperature, pH, adhesion, phenotypic forms), targeting the bacterium is quite challenging. Moreover, due to its high persistence, decreased patience compliance and emerging antibiotic resistance, researchers have been forced to search for novel candidates with lesser or no side effects. Hence, in the current study, phytobioactives have been screened for its anti-biofilm attributes against H.pylori. Gastric biopsy samples have been screened using confirmatory techniques (microbiological, biochemical and molecular) for their virulent and non-virulent biomarkers. Physico-nutritive parameters were standardized. H. pylori biofilms were assessed using microtitre plate assay. Biofilms' biomass and exopolysaccharide have been evaluated using crystal violet and ruthenium red staining, respectively. Anti-biofilm screening was performed using potent aqueous phytochemicals namely Acorus calamus, Colocasia esculenta and Vitex trifolia. The results indicated the confluent growth of the H. pylori biofilms confirmed through genotyping and grew best at 37 °C for 72 h at a pH of 7.5 on polystyrene plates. Further, among the phytochemicals tested, Acorus calamus exhibited the highest H. pylori anti-biofilm activity via a dose-dependent pattern. The overall observations of the study will pave way for newer approaches to understand and combat bacterial pathogenesis and will contribute towards better health and hygiene.

Transcriptome Analysis of the Response of Mature Helicobacter pylori Biofilm to Different Doses of Lactobacillus salivarius LN12 with Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin

“…However, antibiotic resistance is the main challenge in the treatment of H. pylori , as the use of antibiotics leads to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, diarrhea, vomiting, other adverse reactions, and changes in the gastrointestinal flora [ 2 , 10 ]. Some natural products have been reported to have therapeutic effects on H. pylori, such as extracts from Myristica fragrans , Hibiscus rosa sinensis flower, Agrimonia eupatoria , and Fragaria vesca , as have some special nanoparticles (fullerenol nanoparticles, special chitosan/poly acrylic acid particles co-loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and amoxicillin, chitosan-based nanoparticles) and N -acetylcysteine (NAC) (when in combination with clarithromycin and lansoprazole) [ 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Probiotic cell-free supernatant (CFS) can interfere with the growth of H. pylori , destroy H. pylori biofilms, hinder the adhesion of H. pylori in the stomach, and inhibit the immune response induced by H. pylori [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Silver nanoparticles decorated natural products doped polyaniline hybrid materials for biomedical applications

“…Drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is a global challenge in therapeutics due to the incredible adaptability of these microorganisms. This makes the research on antimicrobial drugs an evergreen domain and there is an ever-growing demand for new therapeutic agents with antimicrobial potential [11,12]. The fortification of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial phytochemical extracts has been proven as an agile process for the green synthesis of potential antimicrobial pro-drugs to combat drug-resistant microbial strains [4,13].…”

Experimental Urolithiasis Model to assess Phyto-fractions as Anti-lithiatic Contributors: A Herbaceutical Approach

“…Further, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been successful in exploring the scientific proof and mechanism of actions of these phyto-formulations leading to the development of newer drug targets and therapeutics. Phyto-cocktails are effective in many complications from venom antidots (Janardhan et al, 2019;Vineetha et al, 2020, Bhavya et al, 2021, neurodegenerative disorders (Kunnel et al, 2019;Satapathy et al, 2020), diabetes (Putta et al, 2016), ulcers (Prasad et al, 2019), cancer (Rakesh et al, 2015), infection (Zameer et al, 2016) to inflammation (Rakesh et al, 2016). With all the set examples from our previous studies, one major disorder caught our attention which was a common lifestyle disorder yet very painful, which had no structured therapy and was found in folks of all ages but most prevalent in men known as lithiasis (stone formation).…”