Phytochemical analyses and comparative in vitro antioxidant studies of aqueous, methanol and ethanol stem bark extracts of Simarouba glauca DC. (Paradise tree)

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate selected phytochemicals (antioxidant potentials of aqueous, methanol and ethanol stem bark extracts of Simarouba glauca) relative to standard antioxidants. Sample was harvested, air dried, pulverized and extracted with aqueous and absolute methanol and ethanol; freeze dried at the National Energy Commission Centre, University of Benin. Alkaloids, phenols and tannins were identified, a n d also flavonoid was detected. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power activity, total antioxidant activity, hydroxyl radical activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant activity and nitric oxide (NO • ) radical scavenging activity of stem bark extracts of S. glauca were evaluated, and all t h e experiment were conducted in a dose dependent manner. Butylated hydroxytuolene (BHT), ascorbate and trolox were introduced as positive controls (antioxidant). DPPH radical scavenging activity of stem bark extracts did not exhibit anti-radical activity at 50% inhibition but demonstrated less anti-radical activity at percentage inhibition lower than 50%. Extracts yielded significant reducing power and total antioxidant activities (FRAP). Hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of extracts was substantial; extracts exhibited significant anti-radical activity when trolox was introduced as positive antioxidant control, while nitric oxide scavenging activities was unprecedented. The presence of phytochemicals and antioxidant principles proffer high medicinal value to S. glauca.

Comparative Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Property of Bark, Flowers and Leaves Extracts of Simarouba Glauca

“…Anticancer activity of the leaf extract has been shown in the bladder cell lines [40]. A recent study has reported the phytochemical constituents and the antioxidant activity in the root bark [41]. There are no reports on the comparative study of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of flowers with respect to leaves and bark.…”

Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, antiulcer and toxicity studies on <i>Desmodium adscendens </i>(Sw) DC Fabaceae leaf and stem

“…Fe [II]-TPTZ has an intense blue colour which was taken at 593 nm. Newly prepared FRAP solution (1.5 mL), containing 25 mL of 300 mM acetate buffer at pH 3.6, 2.5 mL of 10 mm 2,3,6-TPTZ in 40 mM HCl, and 2.5 ml of 20 mM Iron(lll)chloride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 .6H 2 O) solution was transferred to 1 mL of the extracts and absorbance taken at 593 nm [14]. Calibration plot was linear between 50 -300 μM and it was prepared with FeSO 4 .7H 2 O solution.…”

Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antidiabetic Activity of Simarouba Glauca Bark Extract: An in Vitro Study

“…Among them, flavonoids have been shown to exhibit their actions through effects on membrane permeability and by inhibition of membrane-bound enzymes such as the ATPase and phospholipase A2 and this property may explain the mechanisms of antioxidative action of S. glauca. Flavonoids are testified to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antitumor, and pro-apoptotic activities; molecular targets have been identified [29]. The health promoting paraphernalia of flavonoids may relate to interactions with key enzymes, signaling cascades involving cytokines and transcription factors, or antioxidant systems.…”