Phytochemical analysis and antidiabetic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: pharmacological and computational approach

Abstract

BackgroundThe fruit of Elaeagnus umbellata has high medicinal values and is an excellent source of phytochemicals. This study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and antidiabetic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata.MethodsThe antioxidant potential of the crude extract and subfractions of E. umbellata fruit were determined using DPPH (2, 20-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2, 2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. The enzyme inhibitory potentials of extracts against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes were also determined. The in vivo anti-hyperglycemic effects of the extract in STZ-induced type 2 diabetes were determined using Sprague Dawley adult rats. HPLC system (Agilent 1260) was used for the identification of bioactive compounds present in extracts. Molecular docking was used to identify and compare the interaction between the compounds (active constituents) and standard inhibitor acarbose with the α-amylase and α-glucosidase active sites.ResultsThe chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions showed significant antioxidant potential with IC50 values of 40, 45 and 60 μg/mL against DPPH and 57, 70 and 120 μg/mL against ABTS free radicals respectively. The chloroform and ethyl acetate were highly active against α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC50 values 58 and 200 μg/ml against α-amylase 60 and 140 μg/ml against α-glucosidase. The crude extract, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions were more potent in controlling the hyperglycemia in STZ-induced type 2 diabetes in rats and considerable reduction of glucose level was observed compared to the non-treated group. Furthermore, the extracts were also found useful in controlling the secondary complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus which was evident from the observed substantial reduction in the blood level of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides. The molecular docking approach indicated the favorable inhibitory interaction between the docked compounds and the active sites of the α-amylase and α-glucosidase. All docked compounds occupied the same binding site as occupied by acarbose.ConclusionIt was concluded that E. umbellata can be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress. The extracts were also found to be effective in relieving the secondary complications associated with type 2 diabetes.Graphical abstract Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2381-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase inhibitory potential and antioxidant activity of fragrant black rice (Thai coloured rice)

“…The inhibiting both α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase has reported by varied plant bioactive compounds. Nazir et al 4 report that the chloroform extract of Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) has shown high inhibitory potential on both α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase.…”

“…Rice is the main source of staple food in the world, especially in Asia 4 . Moreover, rice has been known as the source of bioactive compounds related to improvement of human health (Ryan, 2011) 6 .…”

Catechol-Type Flavonoids from the Branches of Elaeagnus glabra f. oxyphylla Exert Antioxidant Activity and an Inhibitory Effect on Amyloid-β Aggregation

“…E. angustifolia exerts antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activities [18,19]. E. umbellate is known to have antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties [20,21]. Interestingly, our previous study reported the memory-ameliorating effects of E. glabra f. oxyphylla in a mouse model of scopolamine-induced memory impairment [22].…”

“…E . umbellate is known to have antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties [ 20 , 21 ]. Interestingly, our previous study reported the memory-ameliorating effects of E .…”

Phytochemistry and toxicological assessment of Bryonia dioica roots used in north-African alternative medicine

“…Synthetic drugs are often coupled with a number of secondary effects. Medicines based on natural herbs could generate fewer or no secondary effects and as a result are still attractive in human communities [4]. Nowadays, about 80% of the population throughout the world rely on traditional herbal medicine in order to meet their health care needs [5].…”