Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L. Mier) Stem

Abstract

Free radical in the body could cause degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, which could be prevented by the supplementation of antioxidant whether it is synthetic or natural. Flavanoids is a phenolic compound, was extracted from natural sources is known for its antioxidative potential. This research aimed to investigate the active compounds in brotowali (Tinospora crispa) stem to find new antioxidative potential using its ability to bind 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Brotowali stem was extracted using ethanol and fractioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Water fraction was hydrolyzed by chloric acid. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract, water fraction, and hydrolized water fraction (subfraction I and subfraction II) were determined using spectrophotometry (DPPH methods). The compound of flavonoid was identified using KLT with AlCl3 reagent spray. The results showed that ethanol extract and water fraction of brotowali stem contained flavonoid glycoside of flavonol group. Antioxidant activity, quantified using IC50, of ethanol extract, water fraction, subfraction I and subfractiont II were 49.92μg/mL, 38.25 μg/mL, 36.12 μg/mL, and 16.18 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, this research was found that hydrolysis of water fraction using chloric acid like in subfraction I and subfraction II was able to improve its antioxidant activity.

Antioxidant activity of Tinospora crispa extracted with different ethanol solvents

“…While water solvent showed a high yield up to 31.22 % (W/W) 9 and 57.9 % (W/W). 14 The total flavonoid (TFC) and phenolic (TPC) content were determined and expressed in % (W/W) unit. The data indicated that both flavonoid and phenol antioxidative properties including the total flavonoid content, the phenolic content, and antioxidant activity.…”

An updated and comprehensive review on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity and toxicological profile of Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson

“…In another study using a DPPH assay, the ethanol extract, its water fraction and selected subfractions, showed IC 50 values of 49.92 μg/mL, 38.25 μg/mL, 36.12 μg/mL, and 16.18 μg/mL, respectively. It was postulated that acid hydrolysis of the subfractions improved their antioxidant potential (Warsinah et al 2020 ). Several other studies measuring the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power of T. crispa all confirned the antioxidant potential of the plant (Zulkefli et al 2013 ; Abood et al 2014 ; Nguyen et al 2020 ; Mahalle and Gupta 2021 ).…”

Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Brotowali, Sambiloto, Meniran dan Kayu Manis Terhadap Histopatologi Glomerulus Tikus Model Hiperglikemia

“…Tanaman tropis telah diteliti kemampuannya untuk mengatasi kondisi hiperglikemia, diantaranya mimba (Azadirachta indica), cempedak (Artocarpus champeden), manggis (Garcinia mangostana), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), soga Peltophorum pterocarpum), jambu air (Syzygium aqueum), jamblang (Syzygium cumini), dan anggur (Vitis vinifera) (Manaharan et al, 2012). Selain itu, beberapa tanaman yang telah digunakan sebagai agen antihiperglikemia yaitu brotowali (Tinospora crispa) (Pramudya et al, 2020;Purnamasari, 2021;Warsinah et al, 2020), sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) (Syukri et al, 2015;Nugroho et al, 2016), kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) (Damayanti, 2014;Mila, 2016;Anna & Firdus, 2017;Cheng et al, 2012), dan meniran (Phyllantus niruri) (Iswahyudi et al, 2018).…”

“…Dosis ekstrak tanaman unggul Indonesia yang diberikan melalui rute oral pada tikus wistar jantan (Ahmad et al, 2013). (Prahanarendra, 2015;Warsinah et al, 2020).…”