Phytochemical analysis with free radical scavenging, nitric oxide inhibition and antiproliferative activity of Sarcocephalus pobeguinii extracts

Abstract

BackgroundFree radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse metabolic disorders including cancer. Therefore, fighting against free radicals has become an important strategy in the prevention or treatment of such diseases, in addition to direct or indirect anticancer chemotherapy. Sarcocephalus pobeguinii has been used traditionally to treat various diseases in which excess production of free radicals is implicated, warranting investigation of its free radical scavenging, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity.MethodsIn the present study, extracts from leaves, fruits, roots and bark of Sarcocephalus pobeguinii were evaluated on four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, Caco-2 and A549 cells) and a non-cancerous cell line for their antiproliferative potential. The cells were incubated with the plant extracts for 48 h at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 humidified environment and their cytotoxic effect was determined using the tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay. The radical inhibition was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging techniques. The nitric oxide inhibitory activity was determined using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The correlation between radical scavenging capacity and antiproliferative activity was also analysed.ResultsThe extract from leaves of Sarcocephalus pobeguinii (LSP) exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect on all four of the human cancer cell lines but with some cytotoxicity to the normal Vero cells. However, the LSP extract had the best selectivity index, ranging from 3.15 to 18.28. Also, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays indicated that the LSP extract had the highest radical scavenging capacity of all the extracts. A positive linear correlation was found between free radical scavenging ability and antiproliferative activity against the four cancer cell lines, with the highest correlation factor (R2 = 0.9914) obtained between DPPH inhibition and antiproliferative activity against A549 cells.ConclusionsThe high selectivity index of the Sarcocephalus pobeguinii leaf extract indicates the potential of using this extract in cancer therapy. Furthermore, the positive correlation between free radical scavenging and antiproliferative activity suggests that the radical scavenging capacity of extracts may contribute to a prediction of their anticancer property.

Semecarpus Anacardium Linn. Leaf Extract Exhibits Activities Against Breast Cancer And Prolongs The Survival of Tumor Bearing Mice

“…Moreover, the IC 50 values of all three extracts of nuts are 32.73, 29.62 and 17.45 µg/ml for petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol respectively which are also higher than the previous studies [15]. The selectivity index is an important tool in bioassay guided fractionation for selection of the best extract/fraction which indicate cytotoxicity to cancer cells and safety for normal cells [28]. The selectivity index is range from 0.40 to 52.17 for all three extract in different cancer cells.…”

“…Based on the selectivity of different extracts [28], the plant leaf extract was selected for this study, as it showed higher cytotoxicity in cancer (MCF-7) cells and less toxicity for normal (L929) cells (selectivity 7.84) among all four extracts i.e. root, bark, leaf and fruit (supplement Fig.…”

Semecarpus anacardiumLinn. leaf extract exhibits activities against breast cancer and prolongs the survival of tumor-bearing mice

“…Moreover, the IC50 values of all three extracts of nuts are 32.73, 29.62 and 17.45 μg/ml for petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol respectively which are also higher than the previous studies (Nair et al, 2009). The selectivity index is an important tool in bioassay guided fractionation for selection of the best extract/fraction which indicate cytotoxicity to cancer cells and safety for normal cells (Mfotie Njoya et al, 2017). The selectivity index is range from 0.40 to 52.17 for all three extract in different cancer cells.…”

Efecto analgésico, caracterización fitoquímica y análisis toxicológico del extracto etanólico de hojas de Pereskia lychnidiflora

“…Se tomaron 2 mL del extracto etanólico en un vidrio reloj y se agregó una pequeña tira de magnesio metálico (2x5 mm), luego, se adicionó gota a gota ácido clorhídrico concentrado. La aparición de una coloración rojiza indica la presencia de flavonoides (15) .…”