Phytochemical and nutritional compositions and antioxidants properties of wild edible flowers as sources of new tea formulations

Suksathan, Ratchuporn; Rachkeeree, Apinya; Puangpradab, Ratchadawan; Kantadoung, Kuttiga; Sommano, Sarana Rose

doi:10.1016/j.nfs.2021.06.001

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On the other hand, the total PA levels found in the different flower samples analyzed clearly exceeded in all cases the maximum levels established in the legislation for them (Figure b), 200 μg/kg as previously indicated . This is an important issue, as many people consume these products daily with therapeutic and dietary purposes due to their gastrointestinal, relaxing, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant effects, among others. − In this sense, the safe daily intake of PAs established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is 0.007 μg per kg body weight . Accordingly, for a person of 60 kg of weight, the tolerable safe daily intake of PAs would be 0.42 μg.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the last years, several works have demonstrated that besides cross-contamination during harvesting processes, other contamination paths are possible, such as natural horizontal transfer through soil, animal feed, food fraud, adulteration, and so on . The intake of these alkaloids is mainly associated to liver damage, but they can also produce genotoxic and carcinogenic effects at long-term exposure. − Many food alerts have notified, in the last few years, high levels of these alkaloids in a wide variety of food products, making the occurrence of these toxins one of the main current problems in the food safety field. , Particularly, 15% of these alerts have been indicated in teas and infusions made from plants and flowers (e.g., chamomile, spearmint, rooibos, nettle, and herbal mixes), , as they are products that are increasingly consumed by the population for curative and dietary purposes. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quick and Green Microextraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Infusions of Mallow, Calendula, and Hibiscus Flowers Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Casado

Fernández-Pintor

Morante‐Zarcero

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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A sustainable microextraction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) from edible flower infusions using the innovative μSPEed technique is proposed. Different sorbents and extraction conditions were tested, achieving the highest extraction efficiency with an octadecylsilane sorbent (4 mg). The extraction procedure just took 1 min per sample, and only 300 μL of methanol and 300 μL of the sample were used per extraction. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used for analysis. The method was properly validated, providing suitable linearity, selectivity, sensitivity (quantification limits 0.3−1 μg/L), overall recoveries (79−97%), and precision (≤17% relative standard deviation). Its application to the analysis of different infusions of mallow, calendula, and hibiscus flowers revealed similar total PA values (23−41 μg/L) and contamination profile among the mallow and hibiscus samples, with predominance of senecionine-type and heliotrine-type PAs, respectively. Conversely, calendula samples showed more variations (23−113 μg/L), highlighting the occurrence of intermedine N-oxide and europine Noxide on them.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quick and Green Microextraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Infusions of Mallow, Calendula, and Hibiscus Flowers Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Casado

Fernández-Pintor

Morante‐Zarcero

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…In a study by the same research team, the fibre content in the flowers of Bauhinia variegate L., Gmelina arborea Roxb., Shorea roxburghii G. Don and Viburnum inopinatum Craib was found to be comparable to the present results. Viburnum inopinatum Craib had the highest content of dietary fibre (25.26 ± 1.23 g/100 g), while Bauhinia variegate L. had the highest protein content (10.26 g/100 g) [45]. The fibre content in other edible flowers, such as: Tropaeolum majus (monks cress), Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold), and Spilanthes olereacea (paracress) amounted to 4.51 g, 9.20 g, and 10.11 g/100 g fresh weight, respectively [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Flowers as a Source of Dietary Fibre (Total, Insoluble and Soluble) as a Potential Athlete’s Dietary Supplement

Jakubczyk

Koprowska²,

Gottschling³

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Edible flowers have been gaining popularity among researchers, nutritionists and chefs all around the world. Nowadays, flowers are used to make food look and/or taste better; however, they are also a very good source of valuable nutrients (antioxidants, vitamins, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, macro and microelements). The aim of our study was to determine the content of dietary fibre and total protein in selected edible flowers; we also compared the nutritional content of petals, differentiating between the representatives of the Oleaceae and Asteraceae families, as well as herbaceous vs. woody plants. The study material consisted of petals of 12 edible flower species (Magnolia × soulangeana, Sambucus nigra L., Syringa vulgaris L. (white and violet flowers), Robinia pseudoacacia, Forsythia × intermedia, Cichorium intybus L., Bellis perennis, Tussilago farfara L., Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wiggers coll., Centaurea cyanus L., Calendula officinalis). Dietary fibre content was determined by the enzymatic-gravimetric method and ranged from 13.22 (Magnolia × soulangeana) to 62.33 (Calendula officinalis L.) g/100 g. For insoluble dietary fibre (IDF), the values ranged from 8.69 (Magnolia × soulangeana) to 57.54 (Calendula officinalis L.) g/100 g, and the content of soluble dietary fibre (SDF) was between 1.35 (Syringa vulgaris L.-white flowers) and 7.46 (Centaurea cyanus L) g/100 g. Flowers were also shown to be a good, though underappreciated, source of plant protein, with content ranging from 8.70 (Calendula officinalis L.) to 21.61 (Magnolia × soulangeana) g/100 g dry matter (Kjeldahl method). Considerable amounts of protein were found in the flowers of the olive family (Oleaceae) and woody plants, which can enrich the daily diet, especially vegan and vegetarian. Edible flowers of the Asteraceae family, especially the herbaceous representatives, contained high levels of both total dietary fibre and its insoluble fraction; therefore, they can be a rich source of these nutrients in the daily diet of athletes, which would perform a prebiotic function for gut bacteria.

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“…Chemometric multivariate analysis evaluated the correlations among the data set including strains, metabolite substances and biological activities [29,46,47]. Phenolic compounds and phenolderived structures can be biosynthesized in microorganisms via the shikimate pathway; these chemicals have a variety of bioactivities, including antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial properties [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Non-Volatile Metabolites from Sooty Molds and Their Bio-Functionalities

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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In the current study, eleven sooty mold isolates were collected from different tropical host plants. The isolates were identified under Capnodium, Leptoxyphium and Trichomerium, based on morphology and phylogeny. For the secondary metabolite analysis, the isolates were grown on Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). The well-grown mycelia were filtered and extracted over methanol (MeOH). The metabolites in the growth medium (or filtrate) were extracted over ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The antifungal activities of each crude extract were tested over Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp. The metabolites were further tested for their total phenolic, flavonoid and protein content prior to their antioxidant and anti-fungal potential evaluation. The MeOH extracts of sooty molds were enriched with proteins and specifically inhibited Curvularia sp. The total phenolic content and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) activity was largely recovered from the filtrate corresponding to the inhibition of Alternaria sp.; while the flavonoid and free radical reduction suggested a relative induction of growth of the Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp. Hence, this study reveals the diversity of sooty molds in Thailand by a modern phylogenetic approach. Furthermore, the preliminary screening of the isolates reveals the potential of finding novel compounds and providing insights for the future research on secondary metabolites of bio-trophic fungi and their potential usage on sustainable agriculture.

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Phytochemical and nutritional compositions and antioxidants properties of wild edible flowers as sources of new tea formulations

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Quick and Green Microextraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Infusions of Mallow, Calendula, and Hibiscus Flowers Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Quick and Green Microextraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Infusions of Mallow, Calendula, and Hibiscus Flowers Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Edible Flowers as a Source of Dietary Fibre (Total, Insoluble and Soluble) as a Potential Athlete’s Dietary Supplement

Production of Non-Volatile Metabolites from Sooty Molds and Their Bio-Functionalities

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