Phytochemical profile and protective effects on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury of sweated and non-sweated Salvia miltiorrhiza. Bge alcoholic extracts

Abstract

Objectives This study aims to compare the fingerprint and the content of the three components of sweated and non-sweated Salvia miltiorrhiza alcoholic extracts (SSAE and NSAE). It also aims to investigate the difference in protective effects of SSAE and NSAE on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Methods The fingerprints of SSAE and NSAE were established by HPLC with a UV detector to identify the common peaks and detect the content of the three major components (cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA). The protective effects of SSAE and NSAE were compared with MIRI rat model after orally administered SSAE and NSAE (2 g/kg of raw drug) for 7 days. The ST segment, PR and QT interval changes and the infarct size were assessed in the rat hearts. Moreover, the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of cardiac troponin I (cTn I) in serum as well as the cardiac H&E staining were evaluated. Key findings The results showed that the fingerprints of SSAE and NSAE were similar, and cluster analysis showed that the sweating methods had effects on the alcoholic extracts. The content determination showed that sweating could increase the total content of cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA of S. miltiorrhiza. The results of electrocardiograms (ECG) showed that SSAE could make the ST segment drop more obviously, PR and QT intervals become shorter, and the size of the infarct much smaller. Compared with NSAE, SSAE had more significant effects on the enzymatic activity of AST, LDH and the level of cTn I in serum. The H&E staining showed that both SSAE and NSAE could reduce the degree of heart damage. Conclusions The present investigation results demonstrated that sweating increased the content of tanshinone components in S. miltiorrhiza alcoholic extracts, and SSAE had a better protective effect on MIRI.

Comparative efficacy of sweated and non-sweated Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. extracts on acute myocardial ischemia via regulating the PPARα/RXRα/NF-κB signaling pathway

“…1 (A) . The HPLC characteristic chromatograms and quantitative analysis of the extracts were shown in our previous study [ 6 ].

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“…The ECG of the rats was recorded by the BL-420S biosignal acquisition and analysis system (Chengdu Tymon Technology Co., Chengdu, China). The operation process was described as our previous study [ 6 ]. ST-segment was calculated by the vertical distance between the point J and the TP section.…”

“…Generally, the processing of TCM will lead to changes in the components of herbs [ [4] , [5] , [6] ]. Our previous study has confirmed that the sweating method can increase the content of tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza [ 6 ] and the ethanol extract of sweated and non-sweated S. miltiorrhiza had different effects on the expression and activity of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) enzyme [ 7 ]. As the connotation of sweated S .…”