Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of Sorghum bicolor leaves derived from in vitro culture

Abstract

Various research works recognized highly biological activities of sorghum vegetative portions which indicated the presence of bioactive compounds in their extracts. Considering environmental effects on the accumulation of secondary metabolites, this work aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of sorghum using in vitro induced leaves as source for extract. In vitro shoot explants of sorghum used subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 6-Benzyl adenine (BA) or Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at different concentrations (0.0-2.0 mg/L). The leaves induced in vitro were collected dried then macerated in ethanol for 4 hours. Phytochemical composition of the sorghum leaves extract was assessed using standard procedures. The crude extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. The significantly (P>0.05) maximum shoot length (5.7 cm) and the number of leaves (7.9 leaves) were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L IBA. The phytochemical composition of the leaves extract showed the presence of bioactive constituents including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids and triterpenes. All the concentrations of the sorghum leaves extract showed variable antimicrobial activity against the studied bacteria strains with the strongest inhibitory effect reported (19.0 mm) against B. subtilis at the concentration of 100 mg/L. Our findings demonstrated that the in vitro leaves extract of sorghum possess a remarkable antibacterial activity. More research is needed on the characterization of bioactive ingredients of in vitro induced sorghum plants and their biological activities.

Artisanal tannery wastewater: quantity and characteristics

“…The zero count recorded for E-coli and the coliforms may be attributed to the possible destruction of the bacterial cells by the high pH of the liming liquor as was observed by Grabow et al. (1978) , the action of proteolytic enzymes (papain) in the pawpaw leaves used in the deliming/bating liquor, antimicrobial properties of the phenols (tannins, saponins and flavonoids) produced from the pods of the acacia and the sorghum leaf sheaths used in the vegetable tanning, black dye and red dye liquors ( Ali Kauther Sir et al., 2020 ; Fayyad, 2014 ; Colak, 2006 ) as well as the high salt content, acidity and the excess aluminium ions in the alum tawing wastewater ( Abdulkarim et al., 2009 ; Hajmeer et al., 2006 ; Bojić et al., 2002 ). Additionally, the high iron content of the black dye liquor might also play an inhibitory role against the growth of E-coli ( Kalantari and Ghaffari, 2008 ).…”

Unveiling the Antioxidant Arsenal of Colored Sorghum: A Path to Functional Food Development

“…In the present study, for the first time, we used a wide range of colored grains from elite and wide cross derivatives, and the solvent extract color also varied from colorless to bright red. Although the presence of different bioactive compounds has been confirmed in various plant materials, including sorghum, based on a standard qualitative assay [43][44][45][46], the color of the extract may vary slightly depending on the plant material used and the intensity of the bioactive compounds present in the solvent extract. These qualitative tests are performed based on color or precipitation responses as a positive signal of the presence of those specific chemical components [47,48].…”

Naringin derivatives as glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibitors based preservatives and their biological evaluation

“…possessed good antioxidant potential with IC50 6.23 ± 0.03 µM, 7.03 ± 0.03 µM, 7.31 ± 0.06 µM, respectively as compared to standard l-ascorbic acid IC 50 8.11 ± 0.06 µM. Antioxidant potential (IC 50 ) of other synthesized naringin derivatives Compound 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and naringin itself has been found as 14.52 ± 0.40 µM, 10.62 ± 0.01 µM, 18.77 ± 0.06 µM, 11.32 ± 0.16 µM, 20.9 ± 0.26 µM and 6.36 ± 0.36 µM, respectively.…”