Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms growing in tropical regions

Abstract

Abstract. Herawati E, Ramadhan R, Ariyani F, Marjenah, Kusuma IW, Suwinarti W, Mardji D, Amirta R, Arung ET. 2021. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms growing in tropical regions. Biodiversitas 22: 4716-4721. This study aims to determine the presence of secondary metabolites which generally have bioactivity that is antioxidant with phytochemical tests and antioxidant tests in Auricularia auricula, Schyzophyllum commune, Microporus xanthopus, and Trametes versicolor fungi that grow in the wild. Phytochemical analysis was carried out by testing color changes and modifications, while antioxidant tests were carried out by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a DPPH solution (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). This research found that edible wood fungus that grows, wild such as A. auricula, contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, and tannins, but does not contain steroids, alkaloids, carotenoids, or coumarin, while S. commune contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, steroids, tannins, and coumarin, but does not contain triterpenoids, alkaloids, carotenoids, or saponins and non-edible wood fungus, such as M. xanthopus, contains secondary metabolites, namely, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarin, and steroids, but does not contain triterpenoids, alkaloids, or carotenoids, while T. versicolor contains compounds, secondary metabolites, flavonoids, saponin, tannins, coumarin, and triterpenoids, but does not contain steroids, alkaloids, or carotenoids. The antioxidant test results are based on IC50 calculations; it is known that the IC50 value of A. auricula is 499.25 g/mL, while S. commune is 121.37 g/mL, M. xanthopus is 251.20 g/mL, and T. versicolor is 493.04 g/mL. Based on the research results, edible and inedible wood mushroom extracts contain several phytochemicals and show potential for antioxidant activity.

Diversity of substrate type, ethnomycology, mineral composition, proximate, and phytochemical compounds of the Schizopyllum commune Fr. in the area along Palu-Koro Fault, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…Similarly, Herawati et al, (2021) discovered that the macro fungus S. commune that grows wild is positive for flavonoid compounds, steroids, tannins, and coumarins. Okwulehie et al, 2007 also detected the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and tannins in the S. commune growing on rotten mango (Mangifera indica) wood.…”

Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Dillenia excelsa leaf

“…Weighed 1 g of D. excelsa leaf methanol extract, then dissolved in 100 mL of methanol and called the stock solution for qualitative phytochemical tests (Manurung et al 2017;Herawati et al 2021;Armansyah et al 2022).…”

“…A total of 5 mL of stock solution of D. excelsa leaf methanol extract was added with FeCl3 (3-4 drops), phenolic positive was indicated by producing a green, red, purple, blue, or black solution (Herawati et al 2021).…”

“…A total of 5 mL of stock solution of D. excelsa leaf methanol extract, added to 5 mL of hot water, shaken vigorously for 10 minutes, positive for saponins is indicated by the formation of foam for approximately 10 minutes with a foam height of 1-10 cm and does not disappear (Herawati et al 2021).…”

“…Chloroform and a few drops of anhydrous CH3COOH (Anhydrous Acetic Acid) were added. Sulfuric acid 1 drops add through the sidewall of the test tube, positive for steroids will form blue or green, while positive for triterpenoids will form red or purple (Herawati et al 2021).…”