Phytochemical screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Euphorbia ingens organic root extract

Innocent, Oluwaseun Okpako; Florence, A. Ng’ong’a; Mutinda, C. Kyama; Sospeter, N. Njeru

doi:10.5897/jmpr2022.7287

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Plants possess different phytochemicals also referred to as secondary metabolites which differ in terms of their quantities and nature [8]. The berries, leaves, stems, roots, barks and flowers contain various phytochemicals such as anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and phenols which possess medicinal properties including anti-diarrhea, anti-inflammatory, antimycobacterial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, anticancer and anti-ulcer activities [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solanum aculeastrum Dunal berries: Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract and n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions

Gift Crucifix Pender,

Bernard Guyah,

Peter G. Mwitari

et al. 2024

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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Background: Solanum aculeastrum is reportedly used in several diseases including gonorrhea, bronchitis, jigger infestations and wounds, and cancers. We conducted an exhaustive phytochemical and GC-MS profiling of its methanol extract and solvents’ fractions. Methods: About 4500g of dried berries of S. aculeastrum was extracted with methanol, part of which was partitioned into fractions of n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. These fractional preparations were subjected to phytochemical and GC-MS profiling except aqueous fraction. Results: The percentage yield of 430.69g of methanol extract of berries of S.aculeastrum was 9.57%w/w, while the yields of dried 19.4g of n-hexane, 38.4g of DCM, 6.4g of ethyl acetate, 81.03g of n-butanol and 21.2g of the freeze-dried aqueous fractions were 7.08%w/w, 14.03 %w/w, 2.33%w/w, 29.60%w/w and 7.74%w/w respectively. The relative presence of glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, saponins were confirmed except quinones. GC-MS profiling of methanol extract identified 32 compounds including alkane, alcohol, carbohydrate, fatty acids, terpenoids, glycerides, vitamins and some unclassified compounds. 25 compounds including terpenoids, alkene, fatty acids, vitamin and unclassified compounds were identified in n-hexane fractions. The DCM fraction yielded 20 compounds including isoprenoid, terpenoids, amino acids, carboxylic acid and unclassified compounds. 22 compounds were identified in ethyl acetate fraction including phenol, fatty acids, alcohol, terpenoids, glycerolipid and unclassified compounds. The n-butanol fraction yielded 11 compounds including fluorinated aromatic substance, hormonal antineoplastic and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Conclusion: This study has further elaborated on the bioactive compounds in berries of S. aculeastrum, to aid robust understanding of its pharmacologic activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 11Structures of the GC-MS identified compounds(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) given in Table8…”

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confidence: 99%

Solanum aculeastrum Dunal berries: Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract and n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions

Gift Crucifix Pender,

Bernard Guyah,

Peter G. Mwitari

et al. 2024

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Profiling, In Vitro Antioxidant, In Vivo Acute Toxicity, and Hepatoprotective Activity of Cleome simplicifolia Bioactive Metabolites against Paracetamol-Intoxicated Wister Albino Rats

Shaikh,

Niazi,

Bepari

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The current study aimed to appraise extracts of Cleome simplicifolia (Cambess.) Hook. f. and Thomson leaves for chemical integrant and biological activities. In this study, different extracts of leaves were estimated for qualitative phytochemical screening, identification of functional groups, mineral content, and phyto-compounds and assessed for in vitro antioxidant and in vivo acute toxicity and hepatoprotective activity antagonistic toward paracetamol-intoxicated Wister albino rats. The results of the qualitative phytochemical assessment of the leaf extracts (acetone, methanol, and distilled water) exhibited the occurrence of useful metabolites. A Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the occurrence of O-H, N-H, C=C, S=O, C-O, C-N, C-Cl, and C-Br at 3367.14, 2920.79, 2850.32, 1631.04, 1384.59, 1168.64, 1063.78, 824.78, and 615.25 cm−1 wavelengths, whereas energy-dispersive X-ray showed the existence of carbon, oxygen, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, and calcium elements in the leaf, respectively. Thereafter, a gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy analysis unveiled the diverse volatile compounds in the methanolic leaf extracts, namely n-Heptyl acrylate—18.87%, undecane—17.49%, 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-, (E)—11.40%, Neophytadiene—11.02%, n-Hexadecanoic acid—10.78%, Glafenin—10.09%, Decane—7.45%, Phytol—6.0%, Benzene, (1-methyldodecyl)—3.48%, and 4-Cyclohexyl-1-butanol—3.41%, respectively. An analysis of in vitro antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay of methanolic leaf extract revealed elevated levels of antioxidant ability at 20 (46.18%), 40 (53.83%), 60 (66.64%), 80 (74.03%), and 100 (85.05%) μg/mL. In addition, in vivo acute toxicity determination proved that the methanolic leaf extract was innocuous and caused no mortality at 72 mg, 78 mg, or 82 mg/kg b.wt. doses. The methanolic leaf extracts’ in vivo hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol revealed significant efficacy at 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. via reduction of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and cholesterol (serum blood biochemical markers) followed by an enhancement in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione (liver antioxidants) with lipid peroxidation depletion compared with the normal group rats. From the investigated study, it was concluded that the C. simplicifolia leaf are a potential source for the isolation of biologically active phyto-compounds and have the ability to prevent liver damage by paracetamol induction, where the hepatic restoration ability is indexed to its in vivo and in vitro antioxidant ability, which might be the result of its chemical constituents.

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Phytochemical screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Euphorbia ingens organic root extract

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Solanum aculeastrum Dunal berries: Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract and n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions

Solanum aculeastrum Dunal berries: Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract and n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions

Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Profiling, In Vitro Antioxidant, In Vivo Acute Toxicity, and Hepatoprotective Activity of Cleome simplicifolia Bioactive Metabolites against Paracetamol-Intoxicated Wister Albino Rats

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