Phytostimulation and growth promotion activities of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) crop

Abstract

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) suffers from many soil borne pathogens that deteriorate the quality of the seeds and are responsible for high yield loss. Practically Trichoderma sp. is used for seed treatment, it minimizes the seed and soil borne pathogens and supports plant growth promotion activities. In the present study, five different isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from groundnut (A. hypogaea ) rhizosphere soil. All the five isolates were confirmed by morphological methods and using molecular tools through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of Trichoderma sp. and DNA gets amplified in 650 bp to 700 bp. Trichoderma spp. were molecularly identified as T(SP)-20 (Trichoderma longibrachiatum), T(AR)-10 (T. asperellum), T(VT)-3 (T. hamatum), T(BI)-16 (T. longibrachiatum), T(TK)-23 (T. citrinoviride). Phytostimulation activities of all the six isolates viz., phosphate solubilization, Ammonia production, IAA production, and Siderophore production, were evaluated. Among the six isolates, T(SP)-20, T(AR)-10, and TNAU-TA showed higher phytostimulation activities. The growth promotion of Trichoderma spp. on groundnut was assessed through the roll towel method. The isolate T(SP)-20 (T. longibrachiatum) produced the highest germination percentage of 93.33 and vigor index of 2246.2. This work developed a new isolate of T. longibrachiatum (T(SP)-20) which is a native isolate having significant phytostimulation and growth promotion activities and it could be exploited for other soil borne disease managing successfully.

Trichoderma Diversity in Mexico: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…For the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) crop, Ayyandurai et al (2021) [96] obtained five species of Trichoderma in India. This makes this crop more diverse than the Mexican crops analyzed in this work, with the presence of one species, T. harziaum [10].…”

Efecto de la inoculación con Trichoderma sobre el crecimiento vagetativo del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum)

“…La estimulación de crecimiento y los incrementos en productividad de cultivos asociados a inoculaciones con Trichoderma se han observado en un amplio número de especies de plantas como clavel, rábanos, tomate, lechuga, maíz, maní y frijol, entre otros (Gravel et al 2007, Hoyos 2011, Gupta et al 2014, Ayyandurai et al 2021. Se ha encontrado que aislamientos de Trichoderma contribuyen al crecimiento longitudinal de las raíces de maíz y algunos pastos, que hacen que estos cultivos sean más resistentes a la sequía y enfermedades, además, se ha observado que, en el caso del maíz, requiere un 40% menos de fertilizantes nitrogenados en relación con las plantas que no están inoculadas Agronomía Costarricense 46(2): 47-60.…”

“…se utilizan para el tratamiento de semillas y suprimen significativamente el crecimiento de microorganismos patógenos de las plantas, que mejora de está manera, la tasa de crecimiento de las plantas (Sidiquee et al 2017). El efecto podría ser particularmente fuerte en términos de promoción del crecimiento de raíces y de los tallos mediante el aumento en longitud, grosor, área foliar, contenido de clorofila, y rendimiento (tamaño o número de flores o frutas) (Ayyandurai et al 2021). Estudios realizados con diferentes especies con Trichoderma tanto a nivel de invernadero como de campo, en diferentes cultivos como pepino, frijol, berenjena, lechuga, pimiento y tomate (Gupta et al 2014, Sani et al 2020, maní (Ayyandurai et al 2021) y el roble plateado (Umaschankar et al 2012), entre otros.…”

Assessing the in vitro efficacy of biocontrol agents and oil cakes against basal rot of onion incited by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae

“…cepae of 1.29 cm @ 15% concentration, followed by groundnut cake at 1.36 cm @ 30% concentration, 2.28 cm was recorded as the least inhibition zone in this Pungam cake at 15% concentration. Similarly, Ayyandurai et al (2021) tested the different oilcake extracts against the Sclerotium rolfsii by poisoned food technique. Among them, mahua cake (10%) recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 1.29cm, followed by neem cake (10%), which recorded a 1.93cm inhibition zone.…”

“…But interestingly majority of Trichoderma species are plant growthpromoting fungi that generate phytohormones and the 1 -aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase enzyme as well as Trichoderma appears to be the best candidate among nonpathogenic fungal microorganisms for use in green technologies due to its broad bio-fertilization and bio-stimulatory potential (Tyskiewicz et al, 2022). Ayyandurai et al (2021) found that Trichoderma longibrachiatum induce growth promotion activities in groundnut plants and successfully inhibits the growth of soil-borne pathogens. Deshmukh et al (2016) reported that soil amendments containing various organic matter types are crucial for disease control and soil quality improvement.…”