Picornavirus group

Melnick, Joseph L.; Cockburn, W.Charles; Dalldorf, Gilbert; Gard, Sven; Gear, J. H. S.; Hammon, William McD.; Kaplan, Martin M.; Nagler, Fred P.; Oker-Blom, N; Rhodes, Andrew; Sabin, Albert B.; Verlinde, J.D.; Magnus, H. Von

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(63)90034-5

Cited by 82 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…see 24), biophysical (9,20,32) and biochemical (1, 2, 4, 9, 10) parameters. Computed they did not allow clear-cut classification of feline picornaviruses within one of the subgroups established (21), but rather assigned them a position in between "classical" enteroviruses and rhinoviruses (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Innumerable numbers of strains and even great numbers of types of picornaviruses (21) have been isolated from man and animals. The International Enterovirus Study Group (21) recommended several test procedures to subdivide them into the enteroviruses and the rhinoviruses, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The International Enterovirus Study Group (21) recommended several test procedures to subdivide them into the enteroviruses and the rhinoviruses, respectively. Five feline viral serotypes originating from the upper respiratory tract of cats were each shown to contain RNA, to be resistant to ether and chloroform and having less than 50 m~ diameter, to belong thus to the picornavirus group (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further biochemical testing of feline picornaviruses

Bürki

Pichler

1971

Archiv f Virusforschung

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SummaryAmong 7 feline picornavirus strains tested biochemicMly all proved resistant to 223 mM HBB, 1040 m~ guanidine HC1, and to 0.2~ sodium deoxyeholate. Two strains repeatedly were sensitive towards 0.5% of purified trypsin, whereas 5 were resistant. Five strains were hardly affected by ptI 4.0 and only at pH 3.0 or 2.2 were their titers lowered substantially. Accordingly, feline picornaviruses do not behave like classical rhinoviruses or enteroviruses of other species. They are, however, more rhinovirus-like and share several properties with foot-andmouth disease virus. A feline herpesvirus, a bovine enterovirus and a bovine rhinovirus run as control strains gave results corresponding with those known from literature, with the exception, that contrary to published results the bovine rhinovirus was repeatedly sensitive to pure quality trypsin. Heterogeneous composition of the pieornavirus group is pointed out once more. IntroductionInnumerable numbers of strains and even great numbers of types of picornaviruses (21) have been isolated from man and animals. The International Enterovirus Study Group (21) recommended several test procedures to subdivide them into the enteroviruses and the rhinoviruses, respectively. Five feline viral serotypes originating from the upper respiratory tract of cats were each shown to contain RNA, to be resistant to ether and chloroform and having less than 50 m~ diameter, to belong thus to the picornavirus group (9). Lack of stabilization by M MgCI~., relative stability at pH 4.0, failure of growth promotion at 33~ and low pH of the medium were further properties established. The 5 feline picornaviruses consequently could not be classified as members of the entero-or rhinovirus subgroup (9).The same 5 serotypes and two further feline picornavirus strains, isolated from visceral organs of eats were subjected to several additional biochemical test procedures, as recommended in literature for classification of picornaviruses. The results established on 7 feline picornaviruses and control strains with HBB, guanidine HC1, trypsin, sodium deoxycholate and different grades of low pH are reported in this paper.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further biochemical testing of feline picornaviruses

Bürki

Pichler

1971

Archiv f Virusforschung

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“…The piconaviruses are comprised of both human and animal subfamilies, which are generally species specific. The term "picornavirus" was derived from "pico" meaning very small and "RNA" for the type of genomic nucleic acid (Melnick et al 1963).…”

Section: The Enteroviruses: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus Infections

Jubelt¹

2012

Viral Infections of the Human Nervous System

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The human enteroviruses (EV) comprise one group of the picornavirus family. The best known members are the polioviruses (PV), coxsackieviruses, and echoviruses. They replicate in the oropharynx and gastrointestinal (GI) tract and are primarily spread by fecal-hand-oral contamination. With systemic invasion nonspecific febrile illness occurs as well as specific syndromes (rashes, hand-footand-mouth disease, herpangina, pleurodynia, myocarditis/pericarditis, and conjunctivitis). With systemic replication a high level viremia may result in central nervous system (CNS) invasion. EV activity can be endemic in warm climates or epidemic in temperate climates. In temperate climates, because of improved hygiene, newborns were not exposed to EV until they were older, resulting in large epidemics of poliomyelitis, which were finally curtailed with the killed PV vaccines in the 1950s and the live oral PV vaccines in the 1960s. Today, "aseptic" meningitis is the most common neurologic syndrome caused by EV. EV are also the most common cause of viral meningitis. Other EV neurologic syndromes include encephalitis, rhombencephalitis, paralytic disease, persistent infections, and the severe group B coxsackievirus fatal systemic infections of neonates. Diagnostic clues can come from epidemics, systemic manifestations, household infections, the cerebrospinal picture, and the neurologic syndrome. However, definite diagnosis depends on laboratory methods, primarily nucleic acid amplification. Treatment of acute infections is supportive. Preventative methods include good hygiene and aggressive polio vaccination programs.

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“…Guinea pigs were given 2 intramuscular inoculations of a mixture of 2 ml of purified antigen plus 2 ml of Freund's complete adjuvant 6 weeks apart. They were bled out 1 week following the second inoculation. Antigens were purified by 3 terminal end point dilutions in WI-38 or aorta cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%