Piezoelectric Transformers for Space Applications

Carazo, Alfredo Vázquez

doi:10.1557/proc-785-d6.8

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During the 2000s, NASA granted several Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) projects to integrate piezoelectric transformers into space applications [115]. This NASA SBIR-founded research program, led by Dr. Carazo, developed a piezoelectric-based electronic power conditioner (EPC) module to supply power to traveling wave tubes (TWTs) used for space-earth long-distance wireless communication [116][117][118].…”

Section: Space Defense and Security Applications Of Piezoelectric Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric Transformers: An Historical Review

Carazo¹

2016

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Piezoelectric transformers (PTs) are solid-state devices that transform electrical energy into electrical energy by means of a mechanical vibration. These devices are manufactured using piezoelectric materials that are driven at resonance. With appropriate design and circuitry, it is possible to step up and step down the voltages between the input and output sections of the piezoelectric transformer, without making use of magnetic materials and obtaining excellent conversion efficiencies. The initial concept of a piezoelectric ceramic transformer was proposed by Charles A. Rosen in 1954. Since then, the evolution of piezoelectric transformers through history has been linked to the relevant work of some excellent researchers as well as to the evolution in materials, manufacturing processes, and driving circuit techniques. This paper summarizes the historical evolution of the technology.Keywords: piezoelectric transformer; piezoelectric-based power supply; non-magnetic transformers Historical Introduction 1920s-1930s: Early Studies on Piezoelectric Transformers Using Salt Rochelle Single CrystalThe first studies on electrical to electrical conversion using piezoelectric materials took place in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Alexander McLean Nicolson has the honor of being the first researcher to investigate the idea of a piezoelectric transformer. Nicolson considered two single crystal blocks preloaded against each other with an external frame (Figure 1). Abstract: Piezoelectric transformers (PTs) are solid-state devices that transform electrical energy into electrical energy by means of a mechanical vibration. These devices are manufactured using piezoelectric materials that are driven at resonance. With appropriate design and circuitry, it is possible to step up and step down the voltages between the input and output sections of the piezoelectric transformer, without making use of magnetic materials and obtaining excellent conversion efficiencies. The initial concept of a piezoelectric ceramic transformer was proposed by Charles A. Rosen in 1954. Since then, the evolution of piezoelectric transformers through history has been linked to the relevant work of some excellent researchers as well as to the evolution in materials, manufacturing processes, and driving circuit techniques. This paper summarizes the historical evolution of the technology.

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Section: Space Defense and Security Applications Of Piezoelectric Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the 2000s, NASA granted several Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) projects to integrate piezoelectric transformers into space applications [115].…”

Section: Space Defense and Security Applications Of Piezoelectric Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Transformers: An Historical Review

Carazo¹

2016

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“…2) About 40 years after the discovery of Rosen, when the miniaturization became an important issue in electronic industry, depending on each specific electronic device, numerous piezoelectric transformers have been being introduced till at present. [3][4][5][6][7] Piezoelectric transformers can be divided into two types. One of them is the voltage transformer, Rosentype transformer as mentioned before, yields high voltage and low currents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Power (Na_0.5K_0.5)NbO₃-Based Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transformer

Gurdal

Ural

Park

et al. 2011

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Though there is a lot of research related with lead-free piezoelectric materials, high power characteristics of the candidate lead-free materials have not been looked into in the literature under equilibrium conditions. This paper reports high power characteristics of a sodium potassium niobate (NKN) based ceramic under equilibrium conditions, and its application as a candidate material for piezoelectric transformers compared with hard lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT). (Na 0:5 K 0:5 )(Nb 0:97 Sb 0:03 )O 3 was prepared with 1.5 mol % CuO addition. Disk-shaped samples were sintered with conventional sintering methods. High power characteristics were investigated with our high power piezoelectric characterization system (HiPoCS). Distinctly different from PZTs, the NKN ceramics did not exhibit a decrease in mechanical quality factor (Q m ) with increasing vibration velocity (up to 0.4 m/s). Ring-dot piezoelectric transformers made from a disk shaped NKN ceramic revealed power density as high as 25 W/cm 3 , almost comparable to that obtained for the conventional PZT transformers. In conclusion, NKN ceramics possess good high power characteristics, which are satisfactorily applicable to piezoelectric transformers. #

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“…Now it has been widely used either as step-up transformers for high voltage inverters in LCD backlight display or for air cleaners [2] or as step-down transformers for power supply applications such as ac-dc converters [3][4][5]. And it has become one of the most promising alternatives for replacing the traditional magnetic transformer in wide application fields [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayer Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer prepared with Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ single crystal

Wang¹,

Ge²,

Yu³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A multilayer Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer with the size of 20 mm length, 4 mm width and 2.8 mm thickness has been fabricated using ferroelectric single crystal Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3. The electrical properties of the prepared transformer were systematically investigated. Results show that the efficiency of this transformer can reach 92% and the voltage step-up ratio under open circuit exceeds 100. Comparing this with the single-layer Rosen-type transformer, we reported lower output impedance and larger step-up voltage ratios have been obtained under the same load resistance. Near the resonance frequency, this transformer has a much purer vibration mode and wider working bandwidth. Furthermore, this transformer can successfully drive a 0.5 W LCD backlight under a lower input voltage without obvious temperature rise. These global properties make this piezoelectric transformer a promising candidate for small power inverters and cryogenic applications.

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Piezoelectric Transformers for Space Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Piezoelectric Transformers: An Historical Review

Piezoelectric Transformers: An Historical Review

High Power (Na_0.5K_0.5)NbO₃-Based Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transformer

Multilayer Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer prepared with Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ single crystal

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Piezoelectric Transformers for Space Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Piezoelectric Transformers: An Historical Review

Piezoelectric Transformers: An Historical Review

High Power (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3-Based Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transformer

Multilayer Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer prepared with Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single crystal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

High Power (Na_0.5K_0.5)NbO₃-Based Lead-Free Piezoelectric Transformer

Multilayer Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer prepared with Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ single crystal