Pilomatricoma: Sonographic features

Abstract

KEYWORDSPilomatricoma; Ultrasonography; Color Doppler.Abstract Pilomatricomas (also known as calcifying epitheliomas of Malherbe) are benign subcutaneous tumors that arise from the cutaneous adnexa and usually affect young subjects. They typically present as solitary asymptomatic nodules located in most cases on the face or neck. On ultrasonography, pilomatricomas appear as hypoechoic lesions with inhomogeneous echo structures, well-defined margins, and posterior shadowing. Color Doppler generally reveals a single artery that penetrates the lesion and gives rise to multiple intralesional branches. Diagnosis is based on clinical and histological findings. The authors present a typical case of pilomatricoma diagnosed on the basis of clinical and sonographic findings that were subsequently confirmed by histology.Sommario Il pilomatricoma è un tumore benigno sottocutaneo di origine annessiale tipico dell'età giovanile. Appare come nodulo solitario, asintomatico localizzato più spesso al viso e al collo. Ecograficamente è ipoecogeno con ecostruttura disomogenea, margini definiti e cono d'ombra posteriore, all'esame color-Doppler presenta, generalmente, un unico vaso arterioso che dal parenchima penetra nella lesione con multiple diramazioni intralesionali, la diagnosi definitiva è istologica.Viene presentato un caso di pilomatricoma tipico, la cui diagnosi basata sulla clinica e l'ecografia, è stata confermata istologicamente. ª

Utilization of Ultrasonography in Dermatology: Two Case Reports of Calcinosis Cutis

“…On sonography, calcium deposits are hyperechoic and are visible as posterior acoustic shadows, since the sound waves cannot penetrate the surface of highly dense calcium deposits 5 . Pilomatricomas, calcified epidermal cysts, and foreign body reactions should be also considered in the differential diagnosis because they can exhibit features of cutaneous calcifications on ultrasonography 6 . Even though diagnosis of calcinosis cutis is confirmed by histopathologic findings, by correlating the ultrasonographic features of the lesion with the patient’s clinical features and medical history, clinicians can narrow down the probable diagnosis quite accurately 7 .…”

Ultrasonographic features of cutaneous myxomas in a patient with Carney complex

“…Color Doppler US generally reveals a single artery that penetrates the lesion and gives rise to multiple intralesional branches. 7 Neurofibromas are round, oval-shaped, or fusiform hypoechoic lesions that can show a connection with hypoechoic neural tracts. On the other hand, the sonographic differential diagnosis of subcutaneous myxomas should be made with deeper lesions like abscesses or lipomas.…”

Pilomatrixomas en niños: a propósito de 149 casos. Estudio retrospectivo en dos centros pediátricos

“…microcalcificaciones aisladas o parcialmente calcificado, o bien una imagen nodular calcificada en su totalidad con intensa sombra acústica posterior. 9 La histopatología confirma el diagnóstico, en la cual se observan tres tipos de células. Las células basófilas o basaloides periféricas, que son células inmaduras de la matriz del folículo piloso con núcleo grande central y numerosas mitosis; las transicionales con citoplasma acidófilo y las células sombra o fantasma sin núcleo.…”