Pimarane Diterpenes from Fungi

Abstract

Pimarane diterpenes are a kind of tricyclic diterpene, generally isolated from plant and fungi. In nature, fungi distribute widely and there are nearly two to three million species. They provide many secondary metabolites, including pimarane diterpenes, with novel skeletons and bioactivities. These natural products from fungi have the potential to be developed into clinical medicines. Herein, the structures and bioactivities of 197 pimarane diterpenes are summarized and the biosynthesis and pharmacological researches of pimarane diterpenes are introduced. This review may be useful improving the understanding of pimarane diterpenes from fungi.

Natural Sesquiterpenoids, Diterpenoids, Sesterterpenoids, and Triterpenoids with Intriguing Structures from 2017 to 2022

“…Pimarane, a type of tricyclic diterpenoids, is generally obtained from plants and fungi but seldom from other biological resources. [ 119‐120 ] Pimarane could be further classified into pimarane, isopimrane, ent ‐pimarane, and ent ‐isopimrane based on differed stereochemistry. Seven new diterpenoids ( 89 — 95 ) have been isolated from the tuber of Icacina oliviformis .…”

Natural Sesquiterpenoids, Diterpenoids, Sesterterpenoids, and Triterpenoids with Intriguing Structures from 2017 to 2022

“…Pimarane, a type of tricyclic diterpenoids, generally obtained from plants and fungi but seldom from other biological resources. [113,114] Pimarane could be further classified into pimarane, isopimrane, ent -pimarane, andent -isopimrane based on differed stereochemistry. Seven new diterpenoids (89 -95 ) have been isolated from the tuber of Icacina oliviformis .…”

“…111 could ameliorate mitochondria damage, thereby interrupting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Euphohelioscoids A (113 ) and B (114 ), diterpenoids with rearranged 9(10-11)-abeo -10,12cyclojatrophane skeleton and the first (15S )-jatrophane have been isolated fromEuphorbia helioscopia . [123] Yin's group has studied Euphorbia plants a lot, and they have identified a serious of highly modified jatrophane diterpenoids, such as euphorhelipanes A (115 ) and B (116 ) from the whole plants of Euphorbia helioscopia , [124] jatrofolianes A (117 ) and B (118 ) from Jatropha gossypiifolia , [125] euphohyrisnoids A (119 ) and B (120 ) from the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris , [7] and euphylonoids A (121 ) and B (122 ) from Euphorbia hylonoma .…”

Pleosmaranes A–R, Isopimarane and 20-nor Isopimarane Diterpenoids with Anti-inflammatory Activities from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Pleosporales sp. HNQQJ-1

“…Owing to their unique ecological environment (high temperature, high salt, soil hypoxia, and periodic seawater impregnation), diverse secondary metabolites with complex structures and remarkable pharmacology activities have been produced from mangrove endophytic fungi. − To date, over 1500 compounds have been isolated from mangrove-derived fungi . Isopimarane diterpenoids are common secondary metabolites of fungi with various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antibacterial effects. − Cytotoxic libertellenone D, antibacterial aspewentins D–H, anti-inflammatory tedanol, immunosuppressive xylarinorditerpene N, and phytotoxic taichunin G serve as examples illustrating the potential of isopimarane diterpenoids as lead compounds for new drugs.…”